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利用谱元法研究震源参数对于近断层地震动上盘效应的影响

万志文 钟菊芳

万志文,钟菊芳,2023. 利用谱元法研究震源参数对于近断层地震动上盘效应的影响. 震灾防御技术,18(3):450−461. doi:10.11899/zzfy20230303. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20230303
引用本文: 万志文,钟菊芳,2023. 利用谱元法研究震源参数对于近断层地震动上盘效应的影响. 震灾防御技术,18(3):450−461. doi:10.11899/zzfy20230303. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20230303
Wan Zhiwen, Zhong Jufang. Influence of Source Parameters on the Hanging Wall Effect of Near-fault Earthquake Motion by Spectral Element Method[J]. Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, 2023, 18(3): 450-461. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20230303
Citation: Wan Zhiwen, Zhong Jufang. Influence of Source Parameters on the Hanging Wall Effect of Near-fault Earthquake Motion by Spectral Element Method[J]. Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, 2023, 18(3): 450-461. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20230303

利用谱元法研究震源参数对于近断层地震动上盘效应的影响

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20230303
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51969019、51468045); 2022年度水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022100);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(EB110145 B0012021);南昌航空大学研究生创新专项资金立项项目(YC2021-112)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    万志文,男,生于1998年。硕士研究生。主要从事近断层地震动数值模拟研究。E-mail:wanzw805@163.com

    通讯作者:

    钟菊芳,女,生于1972年。博士后,教授,硕士生导师。主要从事地震动输入机制研究。E-mail: zhjf_814@163.com

  • 12 https://coreform.com/

Influence of Source Parameters on the Hanging Wall Effect of Near-fault Earthquake Motion by Spectral Element Method

  • 摘要: 国内外已有诸多学者基于强震记录或数值模拟方法开展了近断层地震动的上盘效应分析,并获得了初步的认识,但上盘效应随震源参数的变化规律仍有待深入探讨。本文使用运动学有限断层震源模型,运用高精度谱元法模拟逆断层破裂模式下近断层区域地震动,对比上、下盘地震动差异进而分析近断层地震动上盘效应。通过改变单一震源参数,研究断层上界埋深、震级大小以及断层倾角对地震动上盘效应的影响规律。研究结果表明:(1)使用运动学有限断层震源的谱元法数值模拟可以较好地反映近断层上盘效应;(2)上盘效应随测点到断层上界在地表投影的水平距离Rx的增加先增大后减小,最终趋于稳定。(3)上盘效应随断层上界埋深的增加先增大后减小,且随着断层上界埋深的增加,上盘效应峰值区会向远离断层破裂迹线的方向扩展。(4)上盘效应受矩震级影响较小,但总体随矩震级的增大而增大;上盘效应峰值区到断层破裂迹线的距离不随矩震级的变化而变化。(5)随着断层倾角的增加,上盘效应先增大后减小,当断层倾角为45°时上盘效应最为明显;随着断层倾角增加,上盘效应峰值区会向远离断层破裂迹线的方向扩展;当断层倾角为90°时不存在上盘效应。
    1)  12 https://coreform.com/
  • 图  1  上盘效应示意图

    Figure  1.  The schematic of hanging wall effect

    图  2  三维场地及断层模型示意图

    Figure  2.  Schematic of three-dimensional site and fault model

    图  3  运动学有限断层震源模型确立流程

    Figure  3.  Establishment process of kinematic finite fault source model

    图  4  震源时间函数及其傅里叶振幅谱

    Figure  4.  Source time function and its Fourier amplitude spectrum

    图  5  水平向PGA空间分布及上盘效应随Rx变化图

    Figure  5.  Spatial distribution of horizontal PGA and variation of hanging wall effect with Rx

    图  6  不同断层上界埋深的有限断层震源模型示意图

    Figure  6.  Schematic of finite fault source model with different buried depths of upper boundary of fault

    图  7  不同断层上界埋深对应的PGA分布云图

    Figure  7.  Spatial distribution of PGA corresponding to different buried depths of upper boundary of fault

    图  8  不同上界埋深的上盘效应随Rx变化的对比图

    Figure  8.  Comparison of hanging wall effect with Rx for different buried depths

    图  9  不同矩震级对应的PGA空间分布云图

    Figure  9.  Spatial distribution of PGA corresponding to different moment magnitudes

    图  10  不同震级对应的上盘效应随Rx变化的对比图

    Figure  10.  Comparison of hanging wall effect with Rx for different moment magnitudes

    图  11  不同断层倾角的有限断层震源模型示意图

    Figure  11.  Schematic of finite fault source model with different fault dip angles

    图  12  不同断层倾角对应的PGA空间分布云图

    Figure  12.  Spatial distribution of PGA corresponding to different fault dip angles

    图  13  不同断层倾角对应的上盘效应随Rx变化的对比图

    Figure  13.  Comparison of hanging wall effect with Rx for different fault dip angles

    表  1  计算模型介质参数

    Table  1.   The medium parameters of calculation model

    深度/
    km
    密度ρ/
    (g·cm−3
    P波速度vp/
    (km·s−1
    S波速度vs/
    (km·s−1
    品质因子
    Qμ
    单元尺寸/
    km
    5 2.67 4.92 2.71 150 0.5
    20 2.86 6.34 2.86 1
    30 2.85 6.80 2.95 2
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-11-04
  • 刊出日期:  2023-08-31

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