Detection of Repeating Earthquakes and Spatial Segmentation of Slip Rates Along the Longmenshan Fault Zone
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摘要: 基于龙门山断裂带附近的固定台站2007—2023年记录的走时和波形资料,应用地震精定位、地震空间位置聚类、波形互相关识别,破裂面重叠状态检测等方法,建立了包含空间位置重合、波形相似性以及破裂面几何一致性的三重约束条件,识别出龙门山断裂带24组重复地震,共计87次事件,占初始事件总数的0.14%。根据重复地震的复发间隔计算断裂带深部滑动速率,结果显示:(1)龙门山断裂带重复地震分布2.0~20.2 km深度范围,滑动速率为1.0~14.3 mm·a−1,误差为0.1~3.9 mm·a−1。(2)龙门山断裂带的滑动速率呈现明显的随深度递增趋势,深部平均滑动速率约是浅部的2倍,反映了深浅部变形的解耦特征。(3)龙门山断裂带的滑动速率沿走向上呈现明显的分段性,南段(泸定–芦山)滑动速率平均值为4.4 mm∙a−1;中南段(芦山-茂县)为2.3 mm∙a−1;中北段(茂县-平武)为4.1 mm∙a−1;北段(平武-青川)为2.4 mm∙a−1。南段和中北段的滑动速率显著高于其他段落,其中中北段的最大滑动速率达到(14.3±3.9) mm·a−1,为全断裂带最高值。这种走向上的分段差异可能反映了南段和中北段具有更强烈的应力积累、更显著的断层闭锁效应,指示了这2个段落未来发生强震的危险性相对更高。Abstract: Based on the travel time and waveform data recorded by permanent stations near the Longmen Shan fault zone (LMSFZ) between 2007 and 2023, this study detected 24 repeating earthquake sequences (87 events in total, 0.14% of the initial catalog) through precise earthquake relocation, spatial clustering, waveform cross-correlation, and rupture plane overlap analysis. The deep slip rates of the fault zone were calculated based on the recurrence intervals of these repeating earthquakes. The results show: (1) The repeating earthquakes in the LMSFZ are distributed at depths of 2.0~20.2 km, with slip rates ranging from 1.0 to 14.3 mm·a−1 and errors of 0.1~3.9 mm·a−1. (2) The slip rates of the LMSFZ exhibit a clear increasing trend with depth, with the average deep slip rate being approximately twice that of the shallow section. This may reflect the decoupling characteristics of deformation between the deep and shallow parts. (3) The slip rates along the strike of the fault zone display significant segmentation: the southern segment (Luding —Lushan) has an average slip rate of 4.4 mm·a−1; the central-southern segment (Lushan–Maoxian) averages 2.3 mm·a−1; the central-northern segment (Maoxian–Pingwu) averages 4.1 mm·a−1; and the northern segment (Pingwu—Qingchuan) averages 2.4 mm·a−1. The southern and central-northern segments exhibit notably higher slip rates than other segments, with the central-northern segment reaching a maximum slip rate of (14.3±3.9) mm·a−1 — the highest across the entire fault zone. This along-strike segmentation may reflects spatial heterogeneity in tectonic stress accumulation, locking state, and seismic hazard among different segments of LMSFZ.
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Key words:
- Repeating earthquakes /
- Slip rate /
- Longmenshan Fault Zone /
- Seismic hazard
1)1 2 doi: 10.11998/IESDC -
图 4 地震对的相对距离和地震破裂半径的重叠状态判定示意图改自(Li等,2011)
Figure 4. Schematic diagram for determining overlapping states based on the relative distance and rupture radius of earthquake pairs (modified from Li et al., 2011)
表 1 定位所使用的一维速度模型
Table 1. Velocity models used in relocation
界面深度/km 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 P波速度/(km∙s−1) 5.29 5.33 5.47 5.68 5.84 5.99 6.12 6.33 6.41 6.50 6.86 表 2 龙门山断裂带识别到的24组重复地震及对应的深部滑动速率
Table 2. 24 repeating earthquake clusters with deep slip rates in Longmen Shan Fault Zone
序号 含地震数 纬度/(°) 经度/(°) 深度 /km 震级范围 复发间隔/年 滑动速率/(mm∙a−1) 滑动积累量/mm 持续时间/年 C01 8 29.789 102.356 2.0 1.5~2.3 0.3~2.4 4.6 ± 0.5 33.8 5.58 C02 4 29.800 102.382 8.8 1.8~2.3 0.9~1.9 3.6 ± 0.6 19.8 4.09 C03 5 29.809 102.390 11.7 1.6~2.4 0.3~1.1 6.5 ± 0.5 23.6 2.79 C04 4 29.991 102.437 16.0 1.9~3.9 0.6~3.5 2.8 ± 0.9 39.6 6.08 C05 3 31.309 103.428 8.5 2.2~2.5 1.6~3.7 2.1 ± 0.6 17.5 5.37 C06 4 31.552 103.309 6.0 2.0~3.5 1.7~7.6 2.1 ± 0.6 33.6 11.48 C07 4 31.603 103.259 11.5 1.5~2.8 1.4~3.0 3.2 ± 0.1 24.4 6.52 C08 3 31.623 103.989 19.4 1.6~3.2 1.7~3.6 1.6 ± 0.1 20.0 5.29 C09 3 31.647 104.035 16.8 2.0~3.4 4.1~5.1 2.3 ± 0.2 25.5 9.23 C10 3 31.744 104.096 19.5 2.0~3.1 1.3~3.5 3.2 ± 0.1 21.2 4.81 C11 3 31.795 104.197 10.6 2.1~2.3 1.1~6.3 1.2 ± 0.5 15.8 7.40 C12 3 31.823 104.452 5.8 1.5 1.2~1.7 2.2 ± 0.2 9.4 2.81 C13 3 31.872 104.257 13.1 1.5~2.3 0.6~1.1 5.0 ± 0.1 14.3 1.69 C14 3 31.876 104.203 20.2 2.1~4.1 1.0~1.1 14.3 ± 3.9 35.4 2.14 C15 4 31.907 104.326 16.3 2.2~3.0 0.6~6.4 2.1 ± 0.7 29.4 7.74 C16 4 31.933 104.204 18.9 1.6~2.4 1.1~1.4 3.6 ± 0.5 17.3 3.65 C17 4 32.023 104.524 13.5 2.1~3.6 1.0~4.0 2.9 ± 1.1 37.3 6.32 C18 3 32.023 104.541 12.6 2.3~2.5 4.1~6.3 1.2 ± 0.1 19.4 10.42 C19 3 32.028 104.544 13.6 1.9~3.1 4.0~6.2 1.7 ± 0.4 22.3 10.17 C20 3 32.213 104.586 15.0 1.8~1.8 0.9~3.2 1.7 ± 0.5 11.9 4.16 C21 3 32.396 104.945 17.0 2.5~2.7 0.7~2.3 4.5 ± 1.1 22.0 3.06 C22 3 32.412 105.175 10.9 1.7~2.1 1.4~5.2 1.0 ± 0.3 12.6 6.62 C23 4 32.506 105.235 9.3 1.9~2.3 2.0~6.4 1.2 ± 0.2 19.0 11.25 C24 3 32.649 105.336 18.7 1.5~2.5 1.6~2.3 3.0 ± 0.0 14.9 3.96 -
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