龙门山断裂带重复地震检测及其滑动速率的空间分段性研究

邓菲; 张效亮

doi:10.11899/zzfy20250113

龙门山断裂带重复地震检测及其滑动速率的空间分段性研究

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20250113

邓菲,
张效亮^,

中国地震灾害防御中心, 北京 100029

基金项目: 国家重点研发项目（2022YFC3003502）；国家自然科学基金项目（42204066）

详细信息

作者简介:
邓菲，女，生于1989年。博士，高级工程师。主要从事地震活动性和地震区划研究工作。E-mail：deng_fei89@163.com

通讯作者:
张效亮，男，生于1983年。硕士，正高级工程师，硕士生导师。主要从事地壳形变与地震危险性分析。E-mail：zxl_cea@163.com

12 doi: 10.11998/IESDC
中图分类号: P315.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-15
- 录用日期: 2025-10-17
- 修回日期: 2025-09-20
- 网络出版日期: 2026-10-19

Detection of Repeating Earthquakes and Spatial Segmentation of Slip Rates Along the Longmenshan Fault Zone

Deng Fei,
Zhang Xiaoliang^,

China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 基于龙门山断裂带附近的固定台站2007—2023年记录的走时和波形资料，应用地震精定位、地震空间位置聚类、波形互相关识别，破裂面重叠状态检测等方法，建立了包含空间位置重合、波形相似性以及破裂面几何一致性的三重约束条件，识别出龙门山断裂带24组重复地震，共计87次事件，占初始事件总数的0.14%。根据重复地震的复发间隔计算断裂带深部滑动速率，结果显示：（1）龙门山断裂带重复地震分布2.0～20.2 km深度范围，滑动速率为1.0～14.3 mm·a⁻¹，误差为0.1～3.9 mm·a⁻¹。（2）龙门山断裂带的滑动速率呈现明显的随深度递增趋势，深部平均滑动速率约是浅部的2倍，反映了深浅部变形的解耦特征。（3）龙门山断裂带的滑动速率沿走向上呈现明显的分段性，南段（泸定–芦山）滑动速率平均值为4.4 mm∙a⁻¹；中南段（芦山-茂县）为2.3 mm∙a⁻¹；中北段（茂县-平武）为4.1 mm∙a⁻¹；北段（平武-青川）为2.4 mm∙a⁻¹。南段和中北段的滑动速率显著高于其他段落，其中中北段的最大滑动速率达到（14.3±3.9） mm·a⁻¹，为全断裂带最高值。这种走向上的分段差异可能反映了南段和中北段具有更强烈的应力积累、更显著的断层闭锁效应，指示了这2个段落未来发生强震的危险性相对更高。
- 重复地震 /
- 滑动速率 /
- 龙门山断裂带 /
- 地震危险性
Abstract: Based on the travel time and waveform data recorded by permanent stations near the Longmen Shan fault zone (LMSFZ) between 2007 and 2023, this study detected 24 repeating earthquake sequences (87 events in total, 0.14% of the initial catalog) through precise earthquake relocation, spatial clustering, waveform cross-correlation, and rupture plane overlap analysis. The deep slip rates of the fault zone were calculated based on the recurrence intervals of these repeating earthquakes. The results show: (1) The repeating earthquakes in the LMSFZ are distributed at depths of 2.0～20.2 km, with slip rates ranging from 1.0 to 14.3 mm·a⁻¹ and errors of 0.1～3.9 mm·a⁻¹. (2) The slip rates of the LMSFZ exhibit a clear increasing trend with depth, with the average deep slip rate being approximately twice that of the shallow section. This may reflect the decoupling characteristics of deformation between the deep and shallow parts. (3) The slip rates along the strike of the fault zone display significant segmentation: the southern segment (Luding —Lushan) has an average slip rate of 4.4 mm·a⁻¹; the central-southern segment (Lushan–Maoxian) averages 2.3 mm·a⁻¹; the central-northern segment (Maoxian–Pingwu) averages 4.1 mm·a⁻¹; and the northern segment (Pingwu—Qingchuan) averages 2.4 mm·a⁻¹. The southern and central-northern segments exhibit notably higher slip rates than other segments, with the central-northern segment reaching a maximum slip rate of （14.3±3.9） mm·a⁻¹ — the highest across the entire fault zone. This along-strike segmentation may reflects spatial heterogeneity in tectonic stress accumulation, locking state, and seismic hazard among different segments of LMSFZ.
- Repeating earthquakes /
- Slip rate /
- Longmenshan Fault Zone /
- Seismic hazard
注释:

1) 12 doi: 10.11998/IESDC

HTML全文

图 1 研究区概况及地震资料

Figure 1. Study area and tectonic setting

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图 2 龙门山断裂带的地震重定位和空间聚类

Figure 2. Earthquake relocation and cluster analysis along the longmenshan fault zone （LMSFZ）

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图 3 一组“相似地震”检测流程示例

Figure 3. Detection and analysis workflow for a group of similar earthquakes

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图 4 地震对的相对距离和地震破裂半径的重叠状态判定示意图改自（Li等，2011）

Figure 4. Schematic diagram for determining overlapping states based on the relative distance and rupture radius of earthquake pairs （modified from Li et al., 2011）

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图 5 CC值与破裂面重叠状态联合确认的重复地震示例

Figure 5. Example of repeating earthquakes identified by waveform cross-correlation and rupture plane overlap analysis

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图 6 因破裂面不重叠而被排除的重复地震案例

Figure 6. Case of excluded repeating earthquakes due to rupture plane non-overlap

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图 7 每组重复地震的时间分布和滑动积累量

Figure 7. Repeating Earthquake Clusters:Temporal distribution and cumulative slip

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图 8 第C07组重复地震序列累积滑动量及滑动速率拟合结果

Figure 8. Cumulative slip and fitted slip rate of the C07 repeating earthquake cluster

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图 9 滤波频带对地震对之间CC值的影响测试

Figure 9. Testing the influence of filter bands on cross-correlation coefficients of earthquake pairs

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图 10 C04组重复地震在3种不同Δσ及5种不同M₀计算模型下的破裂半径及破裂面交叠状态

Figure 10. Rupture area overlap of cluster C04 repeating earthquakes under three different Δσ values and five different M₀ models

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图 11 重复地震及滑动速率的沿龙门山断裂带的水平分布图

Figure 11. Along-strike distribution of repeating earthquake clusters and slip rates in the LMSFZ

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图 12 重复地震及滑动速率的沿断裂带的垂直分布

Figure 12. Vertical distribution of repeating earthquakes and slip rates along the LMSFZ

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表 1 定位所使用的一维速度模型

Table 1. Velocity models used in relocation

界面深度/km	0.0	2.5	5.0	7.5	10.0	15.0	20.0	25.0	30.0	35.0	40.0
P波速度/(km∙s⁻¹)	5.29	5.33	5.47	5.68	5.84	5.99	6.12	6.33	6.41	6.50	6.86

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表 2 龙门山断裂带识别到的24组重复地震及对应的深部滑动速率

Table 2. 24 repeating earthquake clusters with deep slip rates in Longmen Shan Fault Zone

序号	含地震数	纬度/(°)	经度/(°)	深度 /km	震级范围	复发间隔/年	滑动速率/(mm∙a⁻¹)	滑动积累量/mm	持续时间/年
C01	8	29.789	102.356	2.0	1.5～2.3	0.3～2.4	4.6 ± 0.5	33.8	5.58
C02	4	29.800	102.382	8.8	1.8～2.3	0.9～1.9	3.6 ± 0.6	19.8	4.09
C03	5	29.809	102.390	11.7	1.6～2.4	0.3～1.1	6.5 ± 0.5	23.6	2.79
C04	4	29.991	102.437	16.0	1.9～3.9	0.6～3.5	2.8 ± 0.9	39.6	6.08
C05	3	31.309	103.428	8.5	2.2～2.5	1.6～3.7	2.1 ± 0.6	17.5	5.37
C06	4	31.552	103.309	6.0	2.0～3.5	1.7～7.6	2.1 ± 0.6	33.6	11.48
C07	4	31.603	103.259	11.5	1.5～2.8	1.4～3.0	3.2 ± 0.1	24.4	6.52
C08	3	31.623	103.989	19.4	1.6～3.2	1.7～3.6	1.6 ± 0.1	20.0	5.29
C09	3	31.647	104.035	16.8	2.0～3.4	4.1～5.1	2.3 ± 0.2	25.5	9.23
C10	3	31.744	104.096	19.5	2.0～3.1	1.3～3.5	3.2 ± 0.1	21.2	4.81
C11	3	31.795	104.197	10.6	2.1～2.3	1.1～6.3	1.2 ± 0.5	15.8	7.40
C12	3	31.823	104.452	5.8	1.5	1.2～1.7	2.2 ± 0.2	9.4	2.81
C13	3	31.872	104.257	13.1	1.5～2.3	0.6～1.1	5.0 ± 0.1	14.3	1.69
C14	3	31.876	104.203	20.2	2.1～4.1	1.0～1.1	14.3 ± 3.9	35.4	2.14
C15	4	31.907	104.326	16.3	2.2～3.0	0.6～6.4	2.1 ± 0.7	29.4	7.74
C16	4	31.933	104.204	18.9	1.6～2.4	1.1～1.4	3.6 ± 0.5	17.3	3.65
C17	4	32.023	104.524	13.5	2.1～3.6	1.0～4.0	2.9 ± 1.1	37.3	6.32
C18	3	32.023	104.541	12.6	2.3～2.5	4.1～6.3	1.2 ± 0.1	19.4	10.42
C19	3	32.028	104.544	13.6	1.9～3.1	4.0～6.2	1.7 ± 0.4	22.3	10.17
C20	3	32.213	104.586	15.0	1.8～1.8	0.9～3.2	1.7 ± 0.5	11.9	4.16
C21	3	32.396	104.945	17.0	2.5～2.7	0.7～2.3	4.5 ± 1.1	22.0	3.06
C22	3	32.412	105.175	10.9	1.7～2.1	1.4～5.2	1.0 ± 0.3	12.6	6.62
C23	4	32.506	105.235	9.3	1.9～2.3	2.0～6.4	1.2 ± 0.2	19.0	11.25
C24	3	32.649	105.336	18.7	1.5～2.5	1.6～2.3	3.0 ± 0.0	14.9	3.96

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