西藏定日6.8级地震同震地表破裂与湖岸地表变形特征及成因讨论

徐伟; 刘志成; 蔡晓光; 邹子南

doi:10.11899/zzfy20250084

西藏定日6.8级地震同震地表破裂与湖岸地表变形特征及成因讨论

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20250084

徐伟^{1, 2,},
刘志成¹,
蔡晓光¹,
邹子南³

1.
中国地震灾害防御中心, 北京 100029
2.
中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029
3.
中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司, 成都 610072

基金项目: 西藏自治区科技重大专项课题（XZ202201ZD0003G）；大震震源探查（DZ5WTT202305）；国家自然科学基金（42102267）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐伟，男，生于1986年。高级工程师。主要从事活动构造方面的研究。E-mail：xuwei@eq-cedpc.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-30
- 录用日期: 2025-06-04
- 修回日期: 2025-05-21
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-17
- 刊出日期: 2025-06-30

Discussion on the Characteristics and Genesis of the Coseismic Surface Rupture and Lakeshore Surface Deformation of the Dingri M_S6.8 Earthquake in Tibet

1.
China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center, Beijing 100029, China
2.
Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
3.
Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 610072, China

摘要

摘要: 2025年1月7日西藏定日县发生6.8级地震，造成了重大的人员伤亡，此次地震的发震断裂为申扎-定结裂谷系南部的登么错断裂。本文通过遥感影像解译、无人机航拍、现场调查结合前人研究，对此次地震同震地表破裂与湖岸地表变形的特征及成因展开了讨论。研究表明，同震地表破裂断续分布于羊姆丁错姆至朋曲河一带，总体沿先存断层陡坎展布，垂直位错在尼辖错东北最大，达2.5～3.0 m，古荣村及羊姆丁错姆一带为50～80 cm，古荣村以南小于25 cm。湖岸地表变形展布于登么错东岸，宽达100～300 m，多表现为拉张裂隙和挤压土堆，为地震动与重力滑塌共同作用所致。此次地震还反映了断裂带复杂的非均匀应力分配与破裂传播过程，余震分布进一步表明断裂深部存在相互作用与影响，这种深部构造的复杂性显著增加了该地区地震活动的不确定性。
- 定日6.8级地震 /
- 登么错断裂 /
- 地表破裂 /
- 地表变形
Abstract: On January 7, 2025, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck Dingri, Tibet, resulting in significant casualties. The seismogenic fault responsible for this event is the Dengmecuo Fault, located in the southern segment of the Shenzha–Dingjie rift system. This study investigates the characteristics and formation mechanisms of the co-seismic surface rupture and associated shoreline deformation using remote sensing imagery, UAV aerial photography, field surveys, and prior research. Findings indicate that the co-seismic surface rupture is discontinuously distributed from Yangmudincuomu Lake to the Pengqu River, generally following pre-existing fault scarps. The maximum vertical displacement, measured at 2.5 m to 3.0 m, occurs northeast of Nixiacuo. In contrast, vertical displacements in the regions around Gurong Village and Yangmudincuomu Lake range from 50 cm to 80 cm, decreasing to less than 25 cm south of Gurong Village. Shoreline deformation is observed along the eastern margin of Dengmecuo Lake, spanning a width of 100 m to 300 m. This deformation primarily consists of tensile fissures and pressure-induced soil mounds, attributed to the combined effects of seismic shaking and gravitational collapse. The earthquake also reveals a complex pattern of non-uniform stress distribution and rupture propagation within the fault zone. Aftershock distribution further suggests deep fault interactions and structural complexity, which significantly contribute to the uncertainty of seismic activity in the region.
- Dingri M_S6.8 earthquake /
- Dengmecuo fault /
- Surface rupture /
- Surface deformation

HTML全文

图 1 青藏高原中南部活动断裂分布图

Figure 1. Distribution of the active faults in the central and southern part of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 登么错断裂及定日地震同震地表破裂带、湖岸地表变形带展布

Figure 2. Distribution of Dengmecuo fault and the co-seismic surface rupture zone and the surface deformation zone along Dengmecuo lake shore caused by the Dingri earthquake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 尼辖错一带地表破裂带展布

Figure 3. Distribution of the surface rupture zone in the area around Nixiacuo lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 典型部位地形剖面

Figure 4. Typical topographic profiles in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 古荣村一带地表破裂带展布

Figure 5. Distribution of the surface rupture zone in the area of Gurong village

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 219国道附近同震地表破裂

Figure 6. The coseismic surface rupture near national highway 219

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 强噶村一带地表变形带展布

Figure 7. Distribution of the surface deformation zone in the area of Qiangga village

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 登么错东南地表变形带展布

Figure 8. Distribution of the surface deformation zone in the southeast of Dengmecuo lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 登么错南地表变形带展布

Figure 9. Distribution of the surface deformation zone south of Dengmecuo lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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