Dynamic Response Analysis of Mechanically Connected Confined Space Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall
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摘要: 针对施工场地受限和地震频发区域中加筋土挡墙的应用需求，本研究通过开展机械连接式有限空间加筋土挡墙振动台试验，阐述了结构震害现象及墙体变形模式，分析了加速度响应、面板位移、筋材应变、潜在破裂面等力学行为变化特征。研究结果表明，挡墙加速度放大系数随着输入频率增大而增大，并沿墙高呈非线性分布，在墙顶处取得最大值。各工况结束后挡墙累积位移分别为1.09%H、1.28%H、2.05%H、10.96%H（H为挡墙高度），正弦波0.4 g结束后挡墙已发生中度破坏。筋材应变随输入频率增大而增大，并沿墙高呈非线性变化。潜在破裂面由墙趾出发，沿填料与边坡接触面发育；墙后机械连接处是结构薄弱处，设计施工时应进行相应加固。共振会使挡墙位移、筋材应变显著增加，导致挡墙破坏，工程中应避免结构发生该现象。本研究结果可为有限空间加筋土挡墙设计与施工提供参考，推动该结构在地震频发区的建设与应用。Abstract: In response to the demand for the reinforced soil retaining walls in the confined construction site and earthquake-prone areas, this study expounded the seismic damage phenomenon and wall deformation mode of the structure by carrying out the shaking table test of mechanically connected confined space reinforced soil retaining wall, and analyzed the mechanical behavior change characteristics such as acceleration response, panel displacement, reinforcement strain, and potential fracture surface. The results show that the acceleration amplification coefficient of the retaining wall increases with the increase of input frequency and is nonlinear along the wall height, and the maximum value is obtained at the top of the wall. The cumulative displacement of the retaining wall after the end of each working condition was 1.09% of wall height (H), 1.28% of wall height (H), 2.05%of wall height (H) and 10.96% of wall height (H), respectively, and the retaining wall was moderately damaged after sine wave 0.4g. The reinforcement strain increases with the increase of the input frequency and changes nonlinearly along the wall height. The potential fracture surface starts from the toe of the wall and develops along the contact surface between the filler and the slope. The mechanical connection behind the wall is a weak link in the structure, and it should be reinforced accordingly during design and construction. The resonance will significantly increase the displacement of the retaining wall and the strain of the reinforcement material, resulting in the failure of the retaining wall, and this phenomenon should be avoided in the project. The results of this study can provide a reference for the design and construction of reinforced earth retaining walls in confined space, and promote the construction and application of the structure in earthquake-prone areas.
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表 1 模型相似参数
Table 1. Model similarity parameters
序号 物理量 相似关系 相似常数（原型/模型） 1 长度L $ {C_{L}} $ 10 2 弹模E $ {C_{{_E}}} = 1 $ 1 3 密度ρ $ {C_\rho } = 1 $ 1 4 速度v $ {C_{\text{v}}} = {C_L^{0.5}} $ 3.16 5 时间t $ {C_{t}} = {C_L^{0.5}} $ 3.16 6 加速度a $ {C_a} = 1 $ 1 7 频率f $ {C_{\text{f}}} = {C_L^{0.5}} $ 0.316 8 应力σ $ {C_\sigma } = 1 $ 1 
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表 2 填料特性
Table 2. Characteristics of backfill soil
参数 符号 数值 内摩擦角/(°) φ 41 特征粒径/m D10 1.80×10−4 D30 2.90×10−4 D60 3.70×10−4 最大干密度/(kg·m−3) ρdmax 1.90×10−3 最小干密度/(kg·m−3) ρdmin 1.52×10−3 弹性模量/(MPa) Ε 20 泊松比 μ 0.25 比重 Gs 2.86
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表 3 模型试验工况
Table 3. Model test condition
序号 输入波形 峰值加速度/g 频率/Hz 白噪声1 白噪声 0.05 — 工况1 正弦波 0.1 1 工况2 0.1 3 工况3 0.1 5 工况4 0.1 7 工况5 0.1 9 白噪声2 白噪声 0.05 — 工况6 正弦波 0.2 1 工况7 0.2 3 工况8 0.2 5 工况9 0.2 7 工况10 0.2 9 白噪声3 白噪声 0.05 — 工况11 正弦波 0.4 1 工况12 0.4 3 工况13 0.4 5 工况14 0.4 7 工况15 0.4 9 白噪声4 白噪声 0.05 — 工况16 正弦波 0.6 5 白噪声5 白噪声 0.05 —
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