西藏定日6.8级地震拉孜县Ⅶ度区建筑震害调查与分析

任辰昊; 杜一鹏; 史庆轩; 柏文; 张风亮; 张琼; 郭栋

doi:10.11899/zzfy20250037

西藏定日6.8级地震拉孜县Ⅶ度区建筑震害调查与分析

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20250037

任辰昊^{1, 2,},
杜一鹏^3, ,,
史庆轩¹,
柏文^{4, 5},
张风亮²,
张琼²,
郭栋²

1.
西安建筑科技大学, 土木工程学院, 西安 710055
2.
陕西省建筑科学研究院有限公司, 西安 710082
3.
西南石油大学, 土木工程与测绘学院, 成都 610500
4.
中国地震局工程力学研究所, 地震工程与工程振动重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150080
5.
地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150080

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（52308207）；中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项（2023D42）

详细信息

作者简介:
任辰昊，男，生于1989年。硕士，高级工程师。主要从事建筑结构检测鉴定与加固及相关研究。E-mail：317731659@qq.com

通讯作者:
杜一鹏，男，生于1990年。博士，讲师。主要从事结构抗震研究。E-mail：yipengdu1234@gmail.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-15
- 录用日期: 2025-05-23
- 修回日期: 2025-05-13
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-17
- 刊出日期: 2025-06-30

Investigation and Analysis of Building Seismic Damages in the Seismic Intensity VII Area in Lazi County Caused by M_S6.8 Dingri Earthquake

Ren Chenhao^{1, 2
,},
Du Yipeng^{3
, ,},
Shi Qingxuan¹,
Bai Wen^{4, 5},
Zhang Fengliang²,
Zhang Qiong²,
Guo Dong²

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an Univ. of Arch. & Tech., Xi’an 710055, China
2.
Shaanxi Architecture Science Research Institute Company Limited, Xi’an 710082, China
3.
School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China
5.
Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China

摘要

摘要: 2025年1月7日，西藏日喀则市定日县发生6.8级地震及多次余震，经震后初步排查，已经造成约3612户房屋倒塌，约6.15万人受灾。为了掌握此次地震对建筑结构的破坏情况，对拉孜县范围内地震烈度为Ⅶ度的地区进行震害调查，重点考察了该范围内框架结构、砌体结构以及土（石）木结构的震害特征，并对其破坏原因进行分析。调查与分析结果表明：框架结构在此次地震中受灾较轻，梁、板、柱等主要受力构件基本完好，破坏主要表现在填充墙内及边缘连接处出现裂缝；砌体结构受砌筑砂浆强度影响，在其主要竖向传力构件承重墙内出现较多剪切斜裂缝，此外构造柱与砌体的拉结效应不足，也造成连接处产生裂缝，震损情况略严重于框架结构；传统藏式土（石）木结构发生了较严重破坏，其主要竖向传力构件土坯墙“散”且“脆”的特点造成该结构在地震中很容易开裂并快速解体，致使结构坍塌。基于这些震害现象及破坏原因，提出了相应的改进措施，将为抗震救灾和灾后恢复重建工作提供科学依据和技术支撑。
- 定日地震 /
- 建筑结构 /
- 藏族民居 /
- 震害特征 /
- 改进措施
Abstract: On January 7, 2025, a M_S6.8 earthquake, followed by multiple aftershocks, struck Dingri County, Rikaze City, Xizang (Tibet). Preliminary post-earthquake assessments reported the collapse of approximately 3,612 houses, affecting an estimated 61,500 people. To evaluate building damage caused by the earthquake, a field survey was conducted in Lazi County, within the region of seismic intensity VII. The survey focused on three structural types: frame structures, masonry structures, and traditional earth–stone–wood structures. The extent of damage and contributing factors were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that frame structures experienced relatively minor damage. The primary load-bearing components—beams, slabs, and columns—remained largely intact, with damage limited mainly to cracking in non-load-bearing walls. In contrast, masonry structures exhibited significant damage, particularly shear cracks in load-bearing walls, primarily due to the low strength of masonry mortar and poor connection between structural beams/columns and the walls, leading to cracking at joints. This reflects the generally lower seismic resistance of masonry structures compared to frame structures. Traditional earth–stone–wood structures, common in Xizang, suffered the most severe damage. Their primary vertical load-bearing element—the earth wall—has inherently loose and brittle properties, making these structures highly susceptible to cracking and rapid disintegration during seismic events, ultimately resulting in collapse. Based on the findings, targeted retrofitting and reconstruction measures were proposed. These recommendations aim to provide a scientific and technical foundation for informed and resilient post-earthquake rebuilding efforts.
- Dingri earthquake /
- Building Structure /
- Seismic damage characteristics /
- Xizang style residence /
- Improvement measures
注释:

1) 12 https://data.earthquake.cn/gxdt/info/2025/334672994.html

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图 1 区域地震构造

Figure 1. Regional seismic tectonic map

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图 2 伪加速度反应谱与规范设计反应谱对比

Figure 2. Comparison between pseudo-acceleration response spectrum and design response spectrum in standard

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图 3 定日6.8级地震烈度图与调查点

Figure 3. Intensity distribution of M_S6.8 Dingri earthquake and investigated site location

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图 4 拉孜县典型建筑结构

Figure 4. Typical building structures in Lazi

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图 5 拉孜藏式建筑楼盖结构

Figure 5. Tibetan style buildings in Lazi

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图 6 拉孜藏式建筑楼盖结构

Figure 6. Tibetan style buildings in Lazi

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图 7 框架结构典型破坏

Figure 7. Typical damage of frame structure

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图 8 内框架结构的破坏

Figure 8. Damage to the internal frame structure

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图 9 砖混结构的破坏

Figure 9. Structure damage to the masonry-concrete buildings

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图 10 墙体的主要破坏形式

Figure 10. The main failure modes of walls

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图 11 墙体的其他破坏

Figure 11. Other failure modes of walls

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图 12 木构件的破坏

Figure 12. The main failure modes of wooden components

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图 13 新结构在藏式建筑中的应用

Figure 13. Application of new structures in Tibetan architecture

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