Research on Community Earthquake Emergency Drill Platform ——Taking Weifang Area as an Example
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摘要: 社区地震应急演练是我国防震减灾工作的重要内容，提高社区地震应急能力是减轻地震灾害的有效手段。但社区地震应急演练仍存在一些问题，如缺乏规范流程和资源统筹平台、演练方案规划及设计不及时等。本文通过分析社区地震应急演练的需求及相关要素，构建了基于B/S和C/S混合架构的社区地震应急演练平台，并在潍坊市开展了试点实践。实践结果表明，本文构建的平台在规范化社区地震应急演练方面发挥了明显作用，有效提升了社区的防震减灾能力，并获得了初步认可。Abstract: Community earthquake emergency response drills are an important part of China's earthquake prevention and mitigation work, and improving community earthquake response capacity is an effective means of mitigating earthquake disasters. However, there are still some problems in community earthquake emergency drills, such as the lack of standardized process and resource coordination platform, and the lack of professionalism in the planning and design of the drill program. In this paper, by analyzing the needs and related elements of community earthquake emergency drills, we constructed a community earthquake emergency drill platform based on the hybrid architecture of B/S and C/S, and carried out a pilot practice in Weifang City. The practical results show that the platform constructed in this paper plays an obvious role in standardizing community earthquake emergency drills, effectively improves the community's earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation capabilities, and gains preliminary recognition.
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Key words:
- Earthquake emergency /
- Drill platform /
- Community
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图 1 潍坊及附近较大区域范围内历史上发生地震震中位置分布图
Figure 1. Epicenter distribution of historical earthquakes in Weifang and its surrounding large area
图 4 社区地震应急演练平台逻辑结构
Figure 4. Logic structure of community earthquake emergency drill platform
图 5 应急演练平台指挥端和用户端界面
Figure 5. Interface of the command terminal and user terminal of the emergency drill platform
图 6 地震应急疏散演练现场情况图
Figure 6. On-site situation of earthquake emergency evacuation drill
表 1 潍坊及附近较大区域范围内历史上发生地震情况
Table 1. Historical earthquakes within the larger area of Weifang and its vicinity
年份 地区 震级 公元前70年 安丘 7级 1597年 渤海 7级 1668年 郯城 81/2级 1829年 益都 61/4级 1888年 渤海 7.5级 1969年 渤海 7.4级 1985年 青州 4.1级 2022年 青州 3.4级 
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表 2 不同参演点位的应急情况评价标准
Table 2. Criteria for evaluating the emergency situation at different participating locations
参演位置 建筑层数 演练动作 响应时间 应急时间 评价标准 室内 1～3层 迅速撤离：如果房屋外环境开阔且没有高大建筑物和危险坠落物，应迅速跑到室外避震。 ≤5 s ≤30 s 合格 就近躲避：如果来不及撤离，应就近躲避到坚固的家具旁，如床、桌子等，避免被坠落物砸伤。 合格 无反应、使用电梯或存在跳楼等其它危险行为。 不合格 3层以上 选择室内安全区域：优先选择室内的小开间，如卫生间、储藏室等。 ≤5 s ≤30 s 合格 利用家具和墙体：躲在坚固的家具旁或靠墙角、墙根等地方，形成三角空间以减少伤害。 合格 无反应、使用电梯或存在跳楼等其它危险行为。 不合格 室外 远离建筑物：要迅速离开建筑物附近，避免被掉落的砖石、玻璃碎片等砸伤。避开危险物：如电线杆、路灯、广告牌、烟囱、变压器等。选择开阔地带：尽量前往空旷的开阔地带，如公园、广场、操场等。 ≤5 s ≤30 s 合格 无反应或出现在建筑物下等待观望未尽快撤离、在电线杆等危险物旁避险未尽快远离等其他危险行为。 不合格
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