Abstract: Aiming at the subjective problem of index weighting in traditional earthquake disaster risk assessment, this paper proposes an earthquake disaster risk assessment method based on entropy-catastrophe progression method. Firstly, an indicator system reflecting the natural and social attributes of earthquake disaster risk was constructed from four dimensions: seismic hazard, exposure of disaster-bearing body, vulnerability of disaster-bearing body, and emergency preparedness capacity. Then, the entropy weight method was used to calculate the index weights and rank their importance. Combined with the number of control variables, the appropriate catastrophe type was selected to establish the earthquake disaster risk assessment model. Finally, this evaluation method was applied to assess the earthquake disaster risk level of Rong County. The results show that Changshan Town, the northern part of Xuyang Town and the southern part of Baohua Town are at a high risk level of earthquake disasters. Xuyang Town, Laimou Town and Gaoshan Town have a relatively high risk level of earthquake disasters. The risk level of earthquake disasters in Hekou Town and Zhengzi Town is relatively low. Areas with medium and low earthquake disaster risk are scattered in various towns.