Research on Seismic Performance of Current Transformer and Isolation Test
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摘要: 瓷柱型电气设备是变电站最常见的室外高压电气设备，抗震能力较差，历次震害表明该设备损坏是造成电力系统功能失效的主要原因。对110 kV电流互感器进行振动台试验，原设备与安装滑动自复位隔震支座设备同时进行试验，测定设备在不同地震动强度、不同地震波作用下关键位置加速度、位移和应变响应，分析电流互感器抗震性能和隔震支座隔震效果。研究结果表明，地震动峰值加速度为0.4 g时，电流互感器瓷套管根部最大应力为22.4 MPa，电流互感器加速度放大系数为3～8；滑动自复位隔震支座明显降低了电流互感器自振频率，瓷柱型电气设备瓷套管顶部加速度响应降低了80%以上，瓷套管根部应变响应不同程度地降低，说明滑动自复位隔震支座具有良好的隔震效果。Abstract: Porcelain column electrical equipment is the most common type of outdoor high-voltage electrical equipment found in substations. However, porcelain-pillar electrical equipment exhibits poor earthquake resistance, which has been a significant factor in the failure of power system functions during past earthquakes. This paper presents findings from a shaking table test conducted on a 110 kV current transformer, comparing the original equipment with one equipped with sliding self-resetting isolation bearings. The study measures acceleration, displacement, and strain responses at key locations of the device under varying seismic intensities and waveforms to analyze the seismic performance and vibration isolation effectiveness of the isolation bearings. The test results indicate that when the peak acceleration reaches 0.4 g, the maximum stress at the base of the current transformer porcelain is 22.4 MPa. The acceleration amplification coefficient for the current transformer ranges between 3 and 8. Notably, the implementation of the sliding self-resetting isolation bearing significantly alters the natural vibration frequency of the current transformer. The acceleration response at the top of the porcelain column is reduced by over 80%, and the strain response at the base of the porcelain casing also experiences a notable decrease.These findings demonstrate that the sliding self-resetting isolation bearing provides an effective isolation mechanism, significantly enhancing the seismic performance of porcelain column electrical equipment.
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图 5 x+y+z向输入0.4 g El Centro 波时x向相对位移时程曲线
Figure 5. Time history of relative displacement in x direction when 0.4 g El Centro wave is input in x+y+z direction
图 6 x向0.3 g地震动激励下瓷套管顶部-根部x向相对位移时程曲线
Figure 6. Time-history diagram of relative displacement in x direction of porcelain top-porcelain root under 0.3 g x-direction seismic excitation
图 7 隔震支座x向相对位移
Figure 7. Relative displacement value of isolation bearing in x direction
图 8 x向0.2 g地震动激励下瓷套管顶部x向加速度时程曲线
Figure 8. Acceleration time history in x direction of porcelain top under 0.2 g x seismic excitation
图 9 x向0.4 g地震动激励时瓷套管根部应变时程曲线
Figure 9. Strain time history of porcelain root under 0.4 g x seismic excitation
表 1 电流互感器自振频率（单位：赫兹）
Table 1. Natural frequency of current transformer （Unit: Hz）
隔震支座设置情况 试验前 试验后 x向 y向 x向 y向 无隔震支座 4.20 3.61 4.20 3.61 滑动自复位隔震支座 1.47 1.26 1.58 1.47 
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表 2 El Centro波作用下瓷套管顶部-根部最大相对位移
Table 2. Maximum relative displacement of porcelain top-porcelain root under El Centro
峰值加速度 激励方向 x向最大相对位移/mm 隔震率/% y向最大相对位移/mm 隔震率/% 无隔震 隔震 无隔震 隔震 0.2 g x 10.2 3.2 68.6 3.3 1.3 60.6 y 2.5 0.9 64.0 4.4 3.6 18.2 x+y 9.0 4.1 54.4 6.6 4.4 33.3 x+y+z 11.4 6.4 43.9 9.7 7.0 27.8 0.3 g x 16.2 7.7 52.5 5.0 2.4 52.0 y 3.8 1.9 50.0 7.8 7.0 10.3 x+y 14.6 9.4 35.6 13.4 7.2 46.3 x+y+z 17.2 19.3 −12.2 15.6 11.0 29.5 0.4 g x 23.4 21.0 10.3 8.1 4.6 43.2 y 4.4 3.4 22.7 13.6 13.1 3.7 x+y 21.1 25.5 −20.9 16.7 12.8 23.4 x+y+z 24.5 61.1 −149.4 20.5 20.1 2.0
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表 3 x向地震动激励下设备x向峰值加速度
Table 3. x-direction peak acceleration value of equipment under x-direction seismic excitation
地震动峰值加速度/g 地震波 台面峰值加速度/g 瓷套管顶部峰值加速度/g 放大系数 隔震率/% 有隔震 无隔震 0.2 El Centro 0.27 0.15 1.00 3.70 85.00 Taft波 0.20 0.18 0.98 4.90 81.63 人工波 0.19 0.17 1.08 5.68 84.26 0.3 El Centro 0.39 0.21 1.65 4.23 87.27 Taft波 0.29 0.17 2.10 7.24 91.90 人工波 0.27 0.22 1.64 6.07 86.59 0.4 El Centro 0.51 0.25 2.86 5.61 91.26 Taft波 0.41 0.20 2.01 4.90 90.05 人工波 0.37 0.27 2.78 7.51 90.29
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表 4 x向地震动激励下瓷套管根部x向最大应变值
Table 4. Maximum strain value of porcelain root in the east-west direction under x-direction seismic excitation
地震动峰值加速度/g 地震动 无隔震最大应变值 有隔震最大应变值 隔震率/% 东 西 东 西 0.2 El Centro波 19.8×10−6 105.2×10−6 92.3×10−6 68.4×10−6 12.2×10−6 Taft波 18.0×10−6 126.0×10−6 84.1×10−6 114.4×10−6 9.2×10−6 人工波 20.3×10−6 65.0×10−6 38.0×10−6 45.9×10−6 29.4×10−6 0.3 El Centro波 31.5×10−6 112.8×10−6 77.7×10−6 92.1×10−6 18.4×10−6 Taft波 30.6×10−6 135.1×10−6 72.5×10−6 80.7×10−6 40.2×10−6 人工波 27.4×10−6 105.4×10−6 78.4×10−6 96.7×10−6 8.3×10−6 0.4 El Centro波 49.2×10−6 267.0×10−6 96.2×10−6 162.3×10−6 39.2×10−6 Taft波 33.8×10−6 323.3×10−6 62.1×10−6 116.1×10−6 58.3×10−6 人工波 41.5×10−6 271.0×10−6 134.8×10−6 54.2×10−6 50.3×10−6
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