Optimal Stiffness and Location of Rubber Damping Bearing Applied to Two Story and Two Span Subway Station Structure
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摘要: 本文以某两层两跨地铁车站结构为研究对象，采用地下结构Pushover分析方法分别对橡胶支座不同刚度和不同布设位置条件下地铁车站结构的地震破坏反应特点进行对比分析，进一步揭示了地铁车站结构布设橡胶隔震支座的最优刚度和最优布设位置。研究结果表明：（1）柱子一端布设橡胶支座后，对于柱子顶、底端剪力均有明显的减震效果，而对于弯矩仅在布设支座端表现出良好的减震效果；（2）对于地铁车站结构，柱子端部布设橡胶支座时其刚度比的优选范围为0.1左右；（3）仅在两层两跨车站结构某一层布设支座，当支座位于中板侧时，未布设支座层的中柱会出现损伤增大的现象；（4）在结构每层中柱均布设一个支座时，结构上柱顶部和下柱底部同时布设支座时柱子的损伤略低于其他位置工况；（5）两层两跨车站结构布设三个支座时，总体来讲此时所有中柱均取得良好的减震效果，尤其对于中柱顶、底端完全布设的柱子，其减震效果更为明显。Abstract: In this paper, an actual two-story, two-span subway station structure is used as the research object, and the Pushover analysis method for underground structures is employed to compare and analyze the seismic damage response characteristics of subway station structures under different stiffness and locations of rubber bearings. This work aims to determine the optimal stiffness and placement of rubber damping bearings in subway station structures. The research findings are as follows: (1) When the rubber bearing is installed at one end of the column, there is a significant damping effect on the shear at the top and bottom of the column, while the bending moment shows a good damping effect only at the end of the bearing. (2) For the subway station structure, the optimal stiffness ratio of rubber bearings placed at the ends of columns is approximately 0.1. (3) In a two-story, two-span station structure, when the bearing is located on the side of the middle plate, the damage to the middle column without the bearing layer increases. (4) When a bearing is installed on the middle column of each layer of the structure, the damage to the column is slightly lower compared to other configurations when the bearing is placed at the top of the upper column and the bottom of the lower column simultaneously. (5) When three bearings are arranged in the two-story, two-span station structure, all the central columns exhibit a good overall damping effect. The damping effect is more pronounced when the bearings are placed completely at the top and bottom of the central column.
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图 4 橡胶支座不同刚度时中柱宏观损伤对比
Figure 4. Comparison of macro damage of columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 5 橡胶支座不同刚度柱子层间位移对比
Figure 5. Comparison of horizontal relative displacement of columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 6 橡胶支座不同刚度下柱子减震率对比
Figure 6. Comparison of seismic absorption rate of columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 7 橡胶支座不同刚度下柱子剪力对比
Figure 7. Comparison of shear forces in columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 8 橡胶支座不同刚度下柱子弯矩对比
Figure 8. Comparison of bending moment in columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 9 橡胶支座不同刚度下对柱子剪力减震率对比
Figure 9. Comparison of seismic absorption rate of shear forces in columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 10 橡胶支座不同刚度下对柱子弯矩减震率对比
Figure 10. Comparison of seismic absorption rate of bending moment in columns with rubber bearings with different stiffness
图 11 橡胶支座不同位置时中柱宏观损伤对比
Figure 11. Comparison of macro damage of columns with rubber bearings at different positions
图 12 橡胶支座不同位置时柱子层间位移对比
Figure 12. Comparison of horizontal relative displacement of columns with rubber bearings at different positions
图 14 橡胶支座不同位置时中柱剪力对比
Figure 14. Comparison of shear forces in columns with rubber bearings at different positions
图 15 橡胶支座不同位置时中柱弯矩对比
Figure 15. Comparison of bending moment in columns with rubber bearings at different positions
表 1 数值模拟工况支座刚度比设置
Table 1. Numerical simulation cases-Bearing stiffness ratio
工况编号 刚度比 工况编号 刚度比 刚度-1 0.05 刚度-6 0.4 刚度-2 0.1 刚度-7 0.5 刚度-3 0.15 刚度-8 0.6 刚度-4 0.2 刚度-9 0.8 刚度-5 0.3 刚度-10 1.0-无支座 
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表 2 数值模拟工况橡胶支座布设位置
Table 2. Numerical simulation cases-Layout positions of rubber bearings
工况编号 布设位置 工况编号 布设位置 工况编号 布设位置 刚度-1 1 刚度-7 1、4 刚度-13 1、3、4 刚度-2 2 刚度-8 2、3 刚度-14 2、3、4 刚度-3 3 刚度-9 2、4 刚度-15 1、2、3、4 刚度-4 4 刚度-10 3、4 刚度-16 无支座 刚度-5 1、2 刚度-11 1、2、3 — — 刚度-6 1、3 刚度-12 1、2、4 — —
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