白龙江断裂西段晚第四纪构造活动特征研究

黄雄南; 杨晓平; 胡宗凯; 杨海波

doi:10.11899/zzfy20230405

白龙江断裂西段晚第四纪构造活动特征研究

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20230405

中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029

基金项目: 阿坝州（含盆地地区）1∶25万活断层普查项目（044S20190005）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄雄南，男，生于1974年。博士，副研究员。主要从事构造地质和地震地质研究工作。E-mail：xiongnan_h@sohu.com

12 甘肃省地质局第一区域地质测量队，1973a. 中华人民共和国地质图（1︰200000）碌曲幅. 甘肃省地质局第一区域地质测量队，1973b. 中华人民共和国地质图（1︰200000）卓尼幅.
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-01

Characteristics of the Late-quaternary Activity of the Western Segment of Bailongjiang Fault

State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 白龙江断裂位于青藏高原东缘，东昆仑断裂的北侧。白龙江断裂西段的展布及其活动性对研究东昆仑断裂速率向东衰减的机制有重要科学意义。本文根据遥感解译、地质地貌调查、探槽和地质剖面研究白龙江断裂西段的几何展布和断层活动性。白龙江断裂西段分为3 支，包括郎木寺断裂、阿米塘断裂和热尔-旺藏断裂组成的中支、崩巴村断裂构成的南支和下山-迭部断裂构成的北支。这些断裂皆为左旋走滑断层，其中下山-迭部断裂、郎木寺断裂和热尔-旺藏断裂为全新世断层，崩巴村断裂为晚更新世断层。白龙江断裂西段沿袭了前第四纪断裂展布，其分支的几何形态上属于一种典型的尾端构造样式：同向分支断层。研究结果表明白龙江断裂地表上未与东昆仑断裂直接相接，而在深部与之相接，可能分解吸收了东昆仑断裂的部分滑动速率，使得塔藏断裂的滑动速率低于其西侧的玛曲断裂。
- 白龙江断裂 /
- 东昆仑断裂 /
- 晚第四纪 /
- 左旋走滑 /
- 同向分支断层
Abstract: Bailongjiang fault lies parallel and north to the Eastern Kunlun fault in east margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The geometry, location and activity of the western segment of the Bailongjiang fault are crucial to understanding the falling slip rate gradient of the eastern Kunlun fault. Three branch faults were found at the western end of the Bailongjiang Faults, including the Central fault, the Southern fault and the Northern fault, revealed by our remote-sensing, field survey and trenching. The Central fault is composed by three segments, the Langmusi fault, the Amitang fault and the Reer-Wanzang fault from the west to the east. The Southern fault and Northern fault are named as the Bengbacun fault and Xiashan-Diebu fault respectively. These faults were active left-lateral strike-slip faults in the late quaternary. The Langmusi fault, the Reer-Wanzang fault and the Xiashan-Diebu fault were active in the Holocene, the Bengbacun fault was active in the late-Pleistocene, and the Amitang fault was supposed to be active from the middle-Pleistocene to late-Pleistocene. In the late quanternary, the activities of the Bailongjiang fault at its western end occurred partially along the pre-Quaternary faults. The geometries of the branch faults show a pattern of the Synthetic branch faults, a typical tip geometry for strike-slip faults. They link forming splay as shear fractures, with the same sense of slip as the master fault. Our results demonstrate the Bailongjiang fault doesn’t connect to the Eastern Kunlun fault on the surface, but is combined with it in deep level. This pattern of faults connection suggests partial slip rate of the Eastern Kunlun fault was absorbed by the Bailongjiang fault in the north, causing the slip rate of the Tazang fault lower than the Maqu fault in the west.
- Bailongjiang fault /
- Eastern Kunlun fault /
- Late quaternary /
- Left-lateral slip /
- Synthetic branch faults
注释:

1) 12 甘肃省地质局第一区域地质测量队，1973a. 中华人民共和国地质图（1︰200000）碌曲幅. 甘肃省地质局第一区域地质测量队，1973b. 中华人民共和国地质图（1︰200000）卓尼幅.

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图 1 青藏高原东缘晚第四纪活动断裂分布

Figure 1. Distribution of main active faults of the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 白龙江断裂西段地质构造与地貌特征

Figure 2. Structural and geomorphological characteristics of the western segment of Bailingjiang fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 郎木寺断裂断错地貌证据

Figure 3. Geomorphic evidences of the Langmusi fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 红星镇东313省道拐弯处郎木寺断裂剖面

Figure 4. Profile of the Langmusi fault in the eastern Hongxing town

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 郎木寺断裂点R20-22断错地貌与探槽剖面

Figure 5. Faulted topography and trench profile of the Langmusi fault at the field point R20-22

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 阿米塘断裂断错地貌卫星影像解译

Figure 6. Satellite photographs and faulted topography explanation of the Amitang fault

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图 7 热尔-旺藏断裂断错地貌

Figure 7. Geomorphic evidences of the Reer-Wangzang fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 热尔-旺藏断裂点R20-94断错地貌解译、露头照片与地质剖面

Figure 8. Faulted linear topography explanation of satellite photography, photographs and structural profile of the fault outcrop at the field point R20-94, the Reer-Wangzang fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 崩巴村断裂断错地质地貌证据

Figure 9. Geomorphic evidences and fault outcrops of the Bengbacun fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 下山-迭部断裂点R20-109和R18断错地貌解译与露头照片

Figure 10. Geomorphic evidences and fault outcrops of the Xiashan-Diebu fault at the field points of R20-109 and R18

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 下山-迭部断裂点R20-63和R20-73断错地貌解译与露头照片

Figure 11. Linear topography explanation of satellite photography and field photographs of the Xiashan-Diebu fault at the field points of R20-63 and R20-73

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 下山-迭部断裂点R20-80和R20-87断错地貌解译与露头照片

Figure 12. Linear topography explanation of satellite photography，field photographs and the fault outcrop of the Xiashan-Diebu fault at the field points of R20-80 and R20-87

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 东昆仑断裂东段（玛沁段至塔藏段）滑动速率向东递减模式

Figure 13. Tectonic model to the falling slip rate gradient of the eastern Kunlun fault （From the Maqin segment to the Tazang segment）

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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