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1976年唐山大地震CPT液化数据库检验

王蕾 董林 夏坤 屈春来 刘世伟

王蕾,董林,夏坤,屈春来,刘世伟,2021. 1976年唐山大地震CPT液化数据库检验. 震灾防御技术,16(4):737−749. doi:10.11899/zzfy20210415. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210415
引用本文: 王蕾,董林,夏坤,屈春来,刘世伟,2021. 1976年唐山大地震CPT液化数据库检验. 震灾防御技术,16(4):737−749. doi:10.11899/zzfy20210415. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210415
Wang Lei, Dong Lin, Xia Kun, Qu Chunlai, Liu Shiwei. Inspection on CPT-based Liquefaction Database from 1976 Tangshan Earthquake[J]. Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, 2021, 16(4): 737-749. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210415
Citation: Wang Lei, Dong Lin, Xia Kun, Qu Chunlai, Liu Shiwei. Inspection on CPT-based Liquefaction Database from 1976 Tangshan Earthquake[J]. Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, 2021, 16(4): 737-749. doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210415

1976年唐山大地震CPT液化数据库检验

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210415
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51708525,51608496)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王蕾,男,生于1996年。硕士研究生。主要从事岩土地震工程研究。E-mail:447751579@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    董林,男,生于1985年。副研究员。主要从事岩土地震工程研究。E-mail:donglin408@163.com

Inspection on CPT-based Liquefaction Database from 1976 Tangshan Earthquake

  • 摘要: 1976年唐山大地震引发了范围广、灾害重的液化震害。铁道部科学研究院等单位于1977、1978年对液化场地进行了单桥静力触探测试。但单桥静力触探在数据指标方面存在缺陷,与国际标准不接轨。中国地震局工程力学研究所与东南大学等单位于2007年对上述唐山地区部分测点再次进行了孔压静力触探(CPTU)测试。本文通过对比2次静力触探数据,利用Robertson土质分类图,进行新孔压静力触探数据土类分层检验,将土类检验结果与单桥静力触探测试时钻孔柱状图进行对比,发现大部分测点土层土类均能较好对应,现场测试力学指标沿深度变化趋势较相符,仅剔除了错误点T2、T3。对所有测点选定液化层,分别建立基于单桥静力触探测试比贯入阻力ps和基于孔压静力触探测试锥尖阻力qc的液化数据库。利用基于静力触探测试(CPT)的我国规范液化判别方法检验了2个数据库,发现对单桥静力触探测试的数据库液化判别效果好,而对孔压静力触探测试的数据库液化判别效果较差,说明经过30年的时间,土层液化可能已发生较大改变。因此,基于孔压静力触探测试的液化数据库可靠性较低,基于该数据库对液化判别方法进行改进意义较小。
  • 图  1  Robertson 土类指数分类图

    Figure  1.  CPT-based soil behavior-type chart proposed by Robertson

    图  2  T1测点数据检验结果

    Figure  2.  Site T1 data inspection

    图  3  T2测点数据检验结果

    Figure  3.  Site T2 data inspection

    图  4  T3测点数据检验结果

    Figure  4.  Site T3 data inspection

    图  5  T6测点数据检验结果

    Figure  5.  Site T6 data inspection

    图  6  T15测点数据检验结果

    Figure  6.  Site T15 data inspection

    图  7  T16测点数据检验结果

    Figure  7.  Site T16 data inspection

    图  8  基于单桥CPT测试的唐山地震液化数据库判别结果

    Figure  8.  Identification result of ps-based liquefaction database in Tangshan earthquake

    图  9  基于CPTU测试的唐山地震液化数据库判别结果

    Figure  9.  Identification result of qc-based liquefaction database in Tangshan earthquake

    表  1  T1测点CPTU分层结果

    Table  1.   CPTU soil layer classification result of site T1

    分层深度/mqc/MPafs/kPaRf /%σv /kPaσ'v/kPanQF/%Ic
    2.40~5.701.7269.163.7373.0369.601.023.714.192.79
    5.70~6.558.23175.642.36109.7886.010.587.562.162.18
    6.55~7.1526.67341.911.40122.6991.820.5277.041.291.68
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  T1测点土层土类检验结果

    Table  2.   Soil layer inspection results of site T1

    序号单桥CPT测试钻孔土类Robertson土质分类图土类
    轻亚黏土(深度0.50~3.80 m)粉质黏土-黏土(深度2.40~5.70 m)
    细砂(深度3.80~5.65 m)粉砂-砂质粉土(深度5.70~6.55 m)
    中砂(深度5.65~10.20 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度6.55~7.15 m)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  T2测点CPTU分层结果

    Table  3.   CPTU soil layer classification result of site T2

    分层深度/mqc/MPafs/kPaRf /%σv/kPaσ'v/kPanQF/%Ic
    0.35~2.201.0972.256.5724.6224.371.043.656.792.75
    2.20~4.202.97245.188.3661.7842.671.068.108.442.70
    4.20~6.903.99232.305.86107.1565.011.059.735.982.62
    6.90~8.306.52257.713.75146.7384.500.569.304.052.45
    8.30~8.4518.63302.421.79161.7591.930.5192.581.641.86
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  T2测点土层土类检验结果

    Table  4.   Soil layer inspection results of site T2

    序号单桥CPT测试钻孔土类Robertson土质分类图土类
    亚黏土(深度0~2.3 m)粉质黏土-黏土(深度0.35~2.20 m)
    细砂(深度2.3~3.7 m)极硬细砂(深度2.20~4.20 m)
    中砂(深度3.7~4.4 m)粉质黏土-黏土(深度4.20~6.90 m)
    淤泥质亚黏土(深度4.4~5.0 m)黏质粉土-粉质黏土(深度6.90~8.30 m)
    粉砂(深度5.0~6.8 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度8.30~8.45 m)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  T3测点CPTU分层结果

    Table  5.   CPTU soil layer classification result of site T3

    分层深度/mqc/MPafs/kPaRf /%σv/kPaσ'v/kPanQF/%Ic
    1.05~4.400.4433.497.9452.6140.601.09.648.563.29
    4.40~6.200.7742.845.42102.3265.081.010.326.383.18
    6.20~7.305.87179.923.11130.4879.030.564.563.132.39
    7.30~7.9529.33316.811.28148.0187.980.5311.111.091.59
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  T3测点土层土类检验结果

    Table  6.   Soil layer inspection results of site T3

    序号单桥CPT测试钻孔土类Robertson土质分类图
    土类
    粉质黏土-黏土
    (深度1.05~4.40 m)
    粉质黏土-黏土
    (深度4.40~6.20 m)
    亚黏土
    (深度0.4~1.8 m)
    黏质粉土-粉质黏土
    (深度6.20~7.30 m)
    粉砂
    (深度1.8~3.0 m)
    纯净砂-粉砂
    (深度7.30~7.95 m)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  T6测点CPTU分层结果

    Table  7.   CPTU soil layer classification result of site T6

    分层深度/mqc/MPafs/kPaRf /%σv/kPaσ'v/kPanQF/%Ic
    0.50~2.853.0460.753.0432.3330.620.554.362.022.31
    2.85~5.002.4867.544.1675.7752.010.533.362.812.56
    5.00~6.1017.71164.391.07106.5066.810.5215.470.931.65
    6.10~7.0035.30384.71.11125.4275.940.5403.681.091.53
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  T6测点土层土类检验结果

    Table  8.   Soil layer inspection results of site T6

    序号单桥CPT测试钻孔土类Robertson土质分类图土类
    亚黏土(深度0~2.25m)粉砂-砂质粉土(深度0.50~2.85m)
    黏土(深度2.25~4.40m)黏质粉土-粉质黏土(深度2.85~5.00m)
    细砂(深度4.40~5.50m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度5.00~6.10m)
    中砂(深度5.50~6.50m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度6.10~7.00m)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  9  T15测点CPTU分层结果

    Table  9.   CPTU soil layer classification result of site T15

    分层深度/mqc/MPafs/kPaRf /%σv/kPaσ'v/kPanQF/%Ic
    0~0.35.3536.790.802.982.980.5309.530.691.44
    0.3~1.417.23126.530.8017.0217.020.5417.420.731.38
    1.4~4.812.6697.740.8160.3939.810.5199.690.781.61
    4.8~6.523.57212.090.89109.78464.210.5292.790.901.55
    6.5~6.934.00319.350.93130.9075.040.5390.930.941.48
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  10  T15测点土层土类检验结果

    Table  10.   Soil layer inspection results of site T15

    序号单桥CPT测试钻孔土类Robertson土质分类图土类
    细砂(深度0~1.1 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度0~0.3 m)
    中砂(深度1.1~2.6 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度0.3~1.4 m)
    粉砂(深度2.6~6.2 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度1.4~4.8 m)
    细砂(深度6.2~9.3 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度4.8~6.5 m)
    中砂(深度9.3~10.5 m)纯净砂-粉砂(深度6.5~6.9 m)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  11  T16测点CPTU分层结果

    Table  11.   CPTU soil layer classification result of site T16

    分层深度/mqc/MPafs/kPaRf /%σv/kPaσ'v/kPanQF/%Ic
    0.25~1.801.6555.033.6718.9818.980.537.623.362.58
    1.80~2.8011.57132.981.2142.9442.940.5175.991.151.77
    2.80~3.6011.85113.821.0060.8960.890.5151.180.961.77
    3.60~6.001.3722.762.2391.4778.731.016.351.772.69
    6.00~10.4025.55234.770.97160.48114.420.5237.380.921.61
    10.40~11.101.5343.134.26213.75142.701.09.283.263.04
    11.10~12.5014.29138.921.09235.05153.710.5113.380.991.87
    12.50~15.501.9135.201.74277.65174.751.09.372.152.94
    15.50~15.9033.09334.690.97309.59190.030.5237.851.021.65
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  12  T16测点土层土类检验结果

    Table  12.   Soil layer inspection results of site T16

    序号单桥CPT测试钻孔土类Robertson土质分类图
    土类
    轻亚黏土(0.2~1.5 m) 黏质粉土-粉质黏土(深度0.25~1.8 m)
    中砂(1.5~3.0 m) 纯净砂-粉砂(深度1.8~2.8 m)
    粉砂(3.0~4.3 m) 纯净砂-粉砂(深度2.8~3.6 m)
    亚黏土(4.3~7.4 m) 黏质粉土-粉质黏土(深度3.6~6 m)
    细砂(7.4~10.2 m) 纯净砂-粉砂(深度6~10.4 m)
    亚黏土(10.2~12.1 m) 粉质黏土-黏土(深度10.4~11.1 m)
    中砂(12.1~14.1 m) 纯净砂-粉砂(深度11.1~12.5 m)
    亚黏土(14.1~16.1 m) 粉质黏土-黏土(深度12.5~15.5 m)
    细砂(12.1~14.1 m) 纯净砂-粉砂(深度15.5~15.9 m)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  13  比贯入阻力和锥尖阻力基准值ps0qc0

    Table  13.   Liquefied reference value of specific penetration resistance and cone tip resistance

    参数抗震设防烈度
    7度8度9度
    ps0/MPa 5.0~6.0 11.5~13.0 18.0~20.0
    qc0/MPa 4.6~5.5 10.5~11.8 16.4~18.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  14  土性修正系数αp

    Table  14.   Values of soil property correction factor αp

    参数土类
    砂土粉土
    摩阻比Rf Rf≤0.4 0.4<Rf≤0.9 Rf>0.9
    αp 1. 00 0.60 0.45
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  15  基于单桥CPT测试的唐山地震液化数据库

    Table  15.   Database of ps-based liquefaction case histories in Tangshan earthquake

    测点液化
    情况
    地震
    烈度/度
    土层
    深度/m
    Ps0/MPadw/mdu/mαwαuαpPscr/MPa实测Ps/MPa液化判别
    T1液化103.80~5.6523.53.703.800.890.910.458.564.05
    T4非液化102.90~3.5023.51.102.901.060.960.4510.6919.92
    T5非液化103.15~5.2023.53.003.150.940.940.459.3217.02
    T6液化104.40~5.5023.51.504.401.030.880.459.6116.44
    T7液化106.05~7.0523.53.006.050.940.800.457.8911.03
    T8液化103.95~7.0023.52.203.950.990.900.459.426.75
    T9非液化106.70~8.2023.51.106.701.060.770.6011.4217.46
    T10液化93.00~5.5019.01.453.001.040.950.458.412.98
    T11液化90.85~3.4019.00.850.851.071.060.459.717.22
    T12-1液化91.80~3.2019.01.551.801.031.010.458.892.48
    T12-2液化93.20~10.2019.01.551.801.031.010.458.894.24
    T13液化92.00~3.8019.01.052.001.061.000.459.085.30
    T14液化91.25~2.1019.01.251.251.051.040.6012.408.13
    T15液化92.60~6.2019.01.002.601.070.970.6011.787.06
    T16非液化97.40~10.2019.03.507.400.900.730.455.6315.38
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  16  基于CPTU测试的唐山地震液化数据库

    Table  16.   Database of qc-based liquefaction case histories in Tangshan earthquake

    测点液化
    情况
    地震
    烈度/度
    土层
    深度/m
    qc0/MPadw/mdu/mαwαuαpqccr/MPa实测qc/MPa液化判别
    T1液化105.70~6.5521.23.705.700.890.81500.456.928.23
    T4非液化104.40~5.0021.21.104.401.060.88000.458.899.49
    T5非液化103.00~4.2021.23.003.000.940.95000.458.476.94
    T6液化105.00~6.1021.21.505.001.030.85000.458.3717.71
    T7液化103.00~4.0021.23.003.000.940.95000.458.474.20
    T8液化104.75~7.4021.22.204.750.990.86300.458.128.67
    T9非液化103.30~4.8021.21.103.301.060.93500.6012.599.25
    T10液化95.00~6.7017.31.455.001.040.85000.456.854.93
    T11液化91.40~2.6017.30.851.401.071.03000.458.624.02
    T12-1液化92.45~4.8017.31.552.451.030.97750.457.832.57
    T12-2液化94.80~9.4017.31.552.451.030.97750.457.839.28
    T13液化91.65~3.0017.31.051.651.061.01750.458.415.42
    T14液化91.25~2.1017.31.251.251.051.03750.6011.2911.04
    T15液化91.40~4.8017.31.001.401.071.03000.6011.3912.66
    T16非液化96.00~10.4017.33.506.000.900.80000.455.6225.55
    下载: 导出CSV
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