滇中汤郎-易门断裂构造活动的地貌特征

刘昌伟; 常祖峰; 庄儒新; 李鉴林

doi:10.11899/zzfy20210405

滇中汤郎-易门断裂构造活动的地貌特征

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210405

云南省地震局, 昆明650000

基金项目: 云南省地震自立科研项目：滇中汤郎-易门断裂带第四纪活动的构造地貌特征（2020K02）；云南省地震局自立科研项目（漾濞地震专项）大理漾濞M_S6.4地震地裂缝特征及发震构造探究(2021YBZX17)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘昌伟，男，生于1993年。工程师。主要从事构造地貌、地震地质等方面研究。E-mail：310752889@qq.com

通讯作者:
常祖峰，男，生于1966年。正高级工程师。主要从事地震地质、地震诱发滑坡等方面研究。E-mail：zufch@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-31

Geomorphic Characteristics of Tectonic Activity of Tanglang-Yimen Fault in Central Yunnan

Yunnan Earthquake Agency, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China

摘要

摘要: 汤郎-易门断裂位于青藏高原东南缘，走向近南北，按地貌特征及区域构造背景可将其划分为北段（营盘村-插甸断裂）、中段（插甸-碧城断裂）及南段（碧城-易门断裂）。针对汤郎-易门断裂构造地貌差异，利用30 m分辨率的DEM数据，基于GIS技术提取与断裂活动相关的水系，并计算其陡峭指数，结合野外考察及遥感影像讨论断裂在不同分段的活动习性与地貌特征。研究发现，区域内降水及基岩抗风化能力对亚流域陡峭指数的影响较小，认为陡峭指数能够较好地反映汤郎-易门断裂的垂直构造运动。陡峭指数显示，断裂走向呈两端高、中间低的特点，其分段性与前人划分结果具有较好一致性，所表征的基岩垂直活动性差异可作为断裂带活动分段的依据。断裂带东西侧陡峭指数在不同分段上表现出差异性，北段断裂东西侧陡峭指数显示出东、西向差异性抬升不显著，其与地貌上断裂北段表现的左旋走滑运动一致，以水平运动为主；断裂中段及南段陡峭指数在东西侧表现出东高西低的特点，显示东侧较西侧基岩抬升更快，可能以垂直差异运动为主。
- 武定地震 /
- 汤郎-易门断裂 /
- 活动构造 /
- 陡峭指数
Abstract: The Tanglang-Yimen fault on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a seismic structure with a close to north-south strike and segmental activity. Tanglang Yimen fault can be divided into north section (yingpancun Chadian fault), middle section (Chadian Bicheng fault) and south section (Bicheng Yimen fault), According to geomorphic features and regional tectonic background.Aiming at the structural geomorphology difference of the Tanglang-Yimen fault, we use DEM data with a resolution of 30 m, based on GIS technology, extract the water system sub-basins that are closely related to the fault and calculate its steepness index. Combined with field surveys, remote sensing images and historical earthquakes, the different faults Segmented activities and geomorphological features are discussed.It is find that the influence of rainfall and weathering resistance of bedrock on the geomorphic index of the sub basin is relatively limited and the geomorphic index can better reflect the vertical tectonic movement of the Tanglang-Yimen fault.The geomorphic index shows that the fault trend is high at both ends and low in the middle, and the segmentation is consistent with the previous results.The vertical movement difference of bedrock shown by geomorphic index can be used as the basis for the activity segmentation of fault. The geomorphic index on the East and west sides of the fault zone are different in different segments. The distribution of geomorphic index (k_sn) in the northern part of the fault zone is relatively stable, and the differential uplift of the two sides is not significant.The geomorphological features of the northern section of the Tanglang-Yimen fault are left-lateral strike-slip movement. Blocking ridge, offset ridge and synchronous dislocation are developed in Fawo, laomuba and zhidu areas.The geomorphic index (k_sn) in the middle and south part of the fault zone is high in the East and low in the West ,indicating that there is vertical differential movement, and the eastern side uplifted faster than the west side.
- Wuding earthquake /
- Tanglang-Yimen fault /
- Tectonic activity /
- Steepness index

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图 1 汤郎-易门断裂几何展布与地震活动分布

注：图中数据来自国家地震科学数据中心，F1表示汤郎-易门断裂，F2表示己衣断裂，F3表示燕子窝断裂，F4表示羊旧关断裂，F5表示东山河断裂，F6表示总官村断裂。（a）研究区域构造位置；（b）汤郎-易门断裂北段与中段；（c）汤郎-易门断裂南段

Figure 1. Geometric distribution and seismicity distribution of Tanglang-Yimen fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 汤郎-易门断裂亚流域分布

（a）断裂及水系分布；（b）沿断裂走向的标准化陡峭指数分布；（c）北段两侧标准化陡峭指数分布；（d）中段两侧标准化陡峭指数分布；（e）南段两侧标准化陡峭指数分布

Figure 2. Distribution of Tanglang-Yimen fault sub watershed

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 降雨量及基岩抗风化能力分布

（a）降雨量分布；（b）基岩抗风化能力分布；（c）沿断裂走向的降雨量分布

Figure 3. Rainfall and bedrock distribution

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图 4 汤郎-易门断裂构造地貌

（a）营盘村线性地貌；（b）基岩破碎带；（c）水平擦痕；（d）发窝线性地貌；（e）汤郎-易门断裂卫星影像；（f）发窝阻塞脊；（f）发窝阻塞脊（近照）；（g）断错山脊；（i）治都冲沟同步位错；（k）治都冲沟同步位错（近照）；（j）滑坡村线性地貌；（l）断裂控制碧城盆地；（m）断裂控制六街盆地

Figure 4. Structural landform of Tanglang-Yimen fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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