联合DBSCAN聚类采样和SVM分类的滑坡易发性评价

鲍帅; 刘纪平; 王亮

doi:10.11899/zzfy20210403

联合DBSCAN聚类采样和SVM分类的滑坡易发性评价

doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210403

鲍帅^{1, 2,},
刘纪平²,
王亮^2, ,

1.
辽宁工程技术大学, 测绘与地理科学学院, 辽宁阜新 123000
2.
中国测绘科学研究院, 北京 100036

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1509401）

详细信息

作者简介:
鲍帅，男，生于1996年。硕士研究生。主要从事空间数据挖掘、地震次生灾害信息服务方面的研究。E-mail：baogis@163.com

通讯作者:
王亮，男，生于1963年。研究员。主要从事地理信息系统设计开发与应用方面的研究。E-mail：wangl@casm.ac.cn

2 https://www.resdc.cn/data.aspx?DATAID=307
3 https://www.resdc.cn/data.aspx?DATAID=290
4 https://geodata.pku.edu.cn/index.php?c=content&a=show&id=877
5 http://www.gscloud.cn/search
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-31

Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation Based on Combined DBSCAN Cluster Sampling and SVM Classification

Bao Shuai^{1, 2
,},
Liu Jiping²,
Wang Liang^{2
, ,}

1.
School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China
2.
Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100036, China

摘要

摘要: 针对基于机器学习的滑坡易发性评价中非滑坡样本选取不规范导致的分类精度较低问题，本文提出联合基于密度的噪声应用空间聚类（Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise，DBSCAN）采样策略和支持向量机（Support Vector Machine，SVM）分类方法的DBSCAN-SVM滑坡易发性评价模型。首先，基于DBSCAN聚类和空间分析选取非滑坡样本；然后，将样本数据代入SVM分类模型进行训练与验证，预测并提取SVM分类中属于滑坡的概率，获得滑坡易发性；最后，以四川省绵阳市为试验区，预测滑坡易发性概率，基于滑坡易发性精度与分级结果等要素，与传统非滑坡样本采集策略的SVM滑坡易发性评价模型进行对比，并结合实际情况对DBSCAN-SVM模型评价结果进行分析。研究结果表明，相比传统SVM滑坡易发性评价模型，本文提出的DBSCAN-SVM滑坡易发性评价模型在高易发区和极高易发区中包含的滑坡样本数量较多，准确率、召回率、AUC、F1分数均得到提高，精度较高。
- 滑坡 /
- 易发性评价 /
- 机器学习 /
- 聚类 /
- DBSCAN /
- SVM
Abstract: Aiming at the problem of low classification accuracy caused by the non-standard selection of non-landslide samples in the landslide susceptibility evaluation based on machine learning, this paper proposes a combination of Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) sampling A DBSCAN-SVM landslide susceptibility evaluation model for strategies and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification methods. First, non-landslide samples were selected based on DBSCAN clustering and spatial analysis; then the sample data was substituted into the SVM classification model for training and verification, the probability of landslides in the SVM classification was predicted and extracted, and the landslide susceptibility was obtained; Mianyang city is the test area, and the landslide susceptibility probability is predicted. Based on the landslide susceptibility accuracy and classification results, it is compared with the SVM landslide susceptibility evaluation model based on the traditional non-landslide sample collection strategy, and the DBSCAN-SVM is based on the actual situation. The model evaluation results are analyzed. The research results show that, compared with the traditional SVM landslide susceptibility evaluation model, the DBSCAN-SVM landslide susceptibility evaluation model proposed in this paper contains more landslide samples in high-prone areas and extremely high-prone areas, F1 scores are improved, and the accuracy is higher.
- Landslide /
- Susceptibility Evaluation /
- Machine Learning /
- Clustering /
- DBSCAN /
- SVM
注释:

1) 2 https://www.resdc.cn/data.aspx?DATAID=307

2) 3 https://www.resdc.cn/data.aspx?DATAID=290

3) 4 https://geodata.pku.edu.cn/index.php?c=content&a=show&id=877

4) 5 http://www.gscloud.cn/search

HTML全文

图 1 技术路线

Figure 1. Technical route

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图 2 研究区

Figure 2. Study area

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图 3 滑坡样本分布

Figure 3. Landslide sample distribution

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图 4 聚类流程

Figure 4. Clustering process

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图 5 聚类结果

Figure 5. Clustering results

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图 6 部分非滑坡样本

Figure 6. Partial non-landslide samples

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图 7 评价因子

Figure 7. The evaluation factors

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图 8 ROC曲线

Figure 8. ROC curve

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图 9 滑坡易发性自然间断点法分级图

Figure 9. Classification of natural discontinuities in landslide susceptibility

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表 1 模型性能指标评价

Table 1. Model performance index evaluation

模型类型	准确率	精确率	召回率	AUC	F1分数
SVM	0.794 5	0.950 6	0.810 4	0.764 3	0.874 9
DBSCAN-SVM	0.832 4	0.937 0	0.857 6	0.853 8	0.895 6

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表 2 SVM模型自然间断点法分级统计结果

Table 2. SVM model natural discontinuity method classification statistics

易发性等级	栅格数	栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格数	滑坡栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格频率比
极低	4 615 695	20.50	11	1.1	0.053 7
低	12 550 678	55.75	421	42.1	0.755 2
中等	2 514 805	11.17	144	14.4	1.289 1
高	1 628 599	7.23	138	13.8	1.908 7
极高	1 202 004	5.35	286	28.6	5.345 8

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表 4 SVM模型相等间距法分级统计结果

Table 4. SVM model equal spacing method classification statistics

易发性等级	栅格数	栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格数	滑坡栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格频率比
极低	5 778 720	25.67	16	1.6	0.062 3
低	13 266 643	58.93	516	51.6	0.875 6
中等	2 021 277	8.98	144	14.4	1.603 6
高	1 216 493	5.40	237	23.7	4.388 9
极高	228 648	1.02	87	8.7	8.529 4

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表 3 DBSCAN-SVM模型自然间断点法分级统计结果

Table 3. DBSCAN-SVM model natural discontinuity method classification statistics

易发性等级	栅格数	栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格数	滑坡栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格频率比
极低	6 590 685	29.28	31	3.1	0.105 9
低	7 185 195	31.92	180	18.0	0.563 9
中等	4 030 995	17.91	195	19.5	1.088 8
高	2 609 423	11.59	220	22.0	1.898 2
极高	2 095 483	9.30	374	37.4	4.021 5

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表 5 DBSCAN-SVM模型相等间距法分级统计结果

Table 5. DBSCAN-SVM model equal spacing method classification statistics

易发性等级	栅格数	栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格数	滑坡栅格比例/%	滑坡栅格频率比
极低	9 251 425	41.09	78	7.8	0.189 8
低	7 055 402	31.34	258	25.8	0.823 2
中等	3 000 187	13.33	192	19.2	1.440 4
高	2 027 977	9.01	235	23.5	2.608 2
极高	1 176 790	5.23	237	23.7	4.531 5

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