Does the Holocene Active Haixiu Fault Exist in the Centre of Haikou?
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摘要: 海秀断裂近东西向展布于海口市中心，准确厘定其几何位置和最新活动特征对科学评价海口市地震危险性、地震构造和地球动力学具有重要科学意义。本文采用野外地质调查、微地貌测量、浅层人工地震勘探和钻孔联合剖面探测相结合的方法，针对前人确定的海口市中心城区全新世活动海秀断裂，分别在5个典型地点进行详细研究。首先，通过野外地质调查和微地貌测量，得到其中3个地点的地貌陡坎最大垂直落差为11～15 m；其次，跨地貌陡坎和海秀断裂实施了5条浅层人工地震勘探，结果显示，海秀断裂在地震剖面上反映微弱，断错特征不明显，推测断裂总体活动性较低。为验证该断裂的准确位置和最新活动特征，分别在海港路和人民公园开展了钻孔联合剖面探测，通过详细对比分析钻孔揭示的地层序列和地层年代，未发现因断裂活动导致的构造变形迹象，认为海秀断裂上新世以来在探测深度范围内不存在，海口市现有地貌陡坎应为海蚀阶地坎，可排除断裂陡坎的可能。原断裂沿线区域地震危险性被错误高估，经济建设和发展规划可不考虑该断裂的避让问题。Abstract: The Haixiu fault is located in the center of Haikou city, so, accurate determination of its geometric location and latest activity characteristics is of great scientific significance for scientific evaluation of seismic risk, seismotectonics and geodynamics in the Haikou City. The methods of field geological investigation, micro-geomorphology survey, shallow artificial seismic exploration and drilling joint profile detection are combined, the Holocene Haixiu fault, defined by predecessors, has been studied in detail in Yongwan road, Hai gang road, Binmao road, Renmin park and nearby the Meishe River. Firstly, the maximum vertical drop of geomorphologic scarps at 3 sites is 11-15 m by field geological survey and micro-geomorphology survey. Secondly, five shallow artificial seismic profiles have been carried out across the landform scarps and Haixiu fault. The results show that the response of existing the Haixiu fault is weak in the profiles. The characteristics of faulted strata are not obvious, therefore the activity of the fault is not strong. In order to verify the exact location and active characteristics of the fault, this study has carried out drilling joint profile exploration in Hai gang road and Ren min park respectively. Then through detailed comparative analysis of the stratigraphic sequence and age revealed by the borehole, Finally, no evidence of structural deformation caused by fault activity has been found. Last but not least, comprehensive research shows that the Haixiu fault does not exists in the exploration depth range since Pliocene, and the existing geomorphic scarps in the center of Haikou may be marine erosion terraces, which can exclude the possibility of fault scarps. The seismic risk of the area along the original Haixiu fault is overestimated, and the problem of avoiding the fault can not be considered in the economic construction and development planning, thus liberating a large number of valuable land resources in the center of Haikou.1) 2海南省地震局，2007. 海口市活断层探测与地震危险性评价工程报告. 海南省地震局内部报告。
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图 3 浅层人工地震勘探线与钻孔位置平面图
Figure 3. Position diagram of the shallow seismic exploration lines and the drill holes
图 4 永万路浅层人工地震勘探反射剖面图与地质解释图
Figure 4. Profile of the shallow artificial seismic and geological exploration on the Yongwan Road
图 5 海港路浅层人工地震勘探反射剖面图与地质解释图
Figure 5. Profile of the shallow artificial seismic and geological exploration on the Haigang Road
图 6 滨贸路浅层人工地震勘探反射剖面图与地质解释图
Figure 6. Profile of the shallow artificial seismic exploration on the Binmao Road
图 7 人民公园浅层人工地震勘探反射剖面图与地质解释图
Figure 7. Profile of the shallow artificial seismic and geological exploration in the Renmin Park
图 8 美舍河浅层人工地震勘探反射剖面图与地质解释图
Figure 8. Profile of the shallow artificial seismic and geological exploration along the Meishe River
图 9 海港路钻孔联合剖面
Figure 9. Joint section of the drill holes at Haigang Road using hglzk1 to hglzk6
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