Analysis of Dynamic Response of Rock Tunnels with Vertical Fault Fracture Zone under SH Waves
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摘要: 结合黏弹性人工边界的时域波动输入方法和显式有限元法，设计了含垂直断层三维场地的SH波输入方法。基于建立的输入方法，研究了垂直断层对隧道地震响应的影响，并通过自由场算例验证了该方法具有较好精度。数值模拟结果表明：对于断层迎波侧的隧道结构，断层会对其地震动响应产生显著的放大作用，对于断层逆波侧的隧道结构，断层会对其产生隔离地震动的作用；相对周围围岩，断层介质的剪切波速越小，其产生的放大效应和隔震效果也会越显著；断层宽度越小，其对隧道地震动响应的影响范围也就越小，但是断层宽度的变化对于断层两侧隧道的地震动响应的影响并不明显。Abstract: On the basis of the time-domain wave method coupling the explicit finite element method with the viscous-spring artificial boundary condition, the input method of horizontal propagating SH waves for rock-vertical fault system is proposed in this study. The precision of the present approach is verified by a half space example. Subsequently, the proposed method is applied to investigate the long lined tunnels through vertical fault zone subjected to SH waves. The numerical results indicate that the dynamic response of tunnels on meeting waves side is amplified, whereas that on back waves sides is reduced. With increasing the shear wave velocity, the response of tunnels on meeting waves side decreases and that of the other side increases. The influence scope increases with increasing the width of fault. However, the amplitudes of tunnel's acceleration and stress do not have remarkable change.
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图 7 地表处各监测点的位移时程曲线
Figure 7. Displacement time history curves at different obersevation points
图 13 A、B点相对位移峰值随介质剪切波速的变化
Figure 13. The relationship between peak relative displacement of points A, B and the horizontal displacement
图 14 拱顶加速度峰值沿隧道轴线分布
Figure 14. The distribution of peak acceleration along the tunnel vault
图 15 拱顶Mises应力峰值沿隧道轴线分布
Figure 15. The distribution of peak Mises stress along the tunnel vault
图 17 A、B点相对位移峰值与断层比值随断层宽度的变化
Figure 17. The ratio of peak relative displacement of points A, B and the fault width
图 18 不同断层宽度时拱顶加速度峰值沿隧道轴线分布
Figure 18. The distribution of peak acceleration along the tunnel vault
表 1 围岩与断层材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters of fault and surrounding rock
材料 密度/kg·m-3 剪切波速/m·s-1 泊松比 围岩 2500 1200 0.3 断层 2000 400 0.36 
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表 2 模型材料参数
Table 2. Material parameters of model
材料 密度//kg·m-3 泊松比 弹性模量/GPa 粘聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/° 衬砌 2500 0.2 30 2.38 58.7 围岩 2500 0.3 9.36
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表 3 断层介质参数
Table 3. Parameters of fault medium
断层 剪切波速/m·s-1 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 密度//kg·m-3 第1组 500 1.4 0.4 2000 第2组 600 1.958 0.36 2000 第3组 700 2.857 0.325 2200 第4组 1200 9.36 0.3 2500
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