The Way To Build Resilient Urban and Rural Areas
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摘要: 中国地震多发、灾害严重，迫切需要提升抗震能力，实现韧性城乡的建设。本文围绕建设韧性城乡的技术途径，梳理了工程抗震技术发展的历史沿革，阐述了韧性城乡的提出背景。基于震害类比、实验验证和理论分析，总结提炼工程结构抗震能力“散”、“脆、”偏、“单”评估法，指出应以“整而不散”、“延而不脆”、“匀而不偏”、“冗而不单”的传统抗震技术及隔震与消能减震新技术作为实现韧性城乡的技术途径。Abstract: China is an earthquake-prone country and has been suffering from serious earthquake disasters for a long time.There is an urgent need to promote earthquake resistant capacity and to build resilient urban and rural areas around the whole country.This paper focuses on technical methods for building resilient urban and rural areas, and summarizes the development of earthquake engineering."Loose, brittle, eccentric and isolated" criteria is proposed for evaluating structural seismic capacity.Effective traditional seismic design approaches as well as base isolation and damping technologies are suggested for the building up resilient urban and rural areas.
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图 1 世界上各主要地震国家的震害比较
Figure 1. Comparison of earthquake damage in the countries with frequent earthquakes
图 7 各道纵墙刚度差异大引起的结构前脸破坏严重
Figure 7. Damage of frontage wall for different stiffness of each longitudinal wall
图 8 不当设置的半高填充墙引起的框架柱破坏
Figure 8. Damage of the RC frame column caused by half-height continuous infilled walls
图 9 层屈服机制下的底层柱端塑性铰
Figure 9. Plastic hinge at the end of the column due to the yield mechanism
图 10 支座在水平地震作用下发生剪切变形
Figure 10. Shear deformation of isolation bearing in horizontal earthquake action
图 11 设置隔震支座以延长结构自振周期
Figure 11. Extending the natural period of the structure by setting the isolated bearings
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