Review of Seismic Fragility Analysis of Building Structure
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摘要: 地震易损性是指在不同强度水平的地震作用下建筑结构发生各种破坏的条件概率。本文对地震易损性分析的发展历程进行回顾和总结,介绍了地震易损性的相关概念、研究目的和意义以及5个表达工具。随后,针对国内外学者对建筑结构的易损性分析方法开展了系统的梳理和分析,特别是从基于震害调查的经验分析法和基于数值模拟的理论计算法方面展开了重点综述,并简单介绍了一些不常用的方法。最后指出了国内外对建筑结构易损性分析研究的不足和未来的研究方向。Abstract: Seismic fragility is the probability that structural demand equals or exceeds a limit state conditional on a seismic ground motion given a specified intensity.In this paper, the development of seismic fragility analysis is summarized.The related concepts, purpose and significance and five expressions of seismic fragility are introduced.Then we review the empirical analysis method based on the seismic damage investigation, as well as the theoretical calculation method based on numerical simulation.Some methods that are not commonly used are analyzed too.Finally, the deficiencies and future research directions of fragility analysis of building structures are discussed.
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Key words:
- Seismic fragility /
- Building structure /
- Numerical simulation /
- Damage investigation
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表 1 破坏概率矩阵(单位:%)
Table 1. Damage probability matric(unit:%)
破坏等级 地震烈度 Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ ≥Ⅹ 基本完好 88 74 55 35 15 轻微破坏 12 23 33 30.5 20.5 中等破坏 0 2 10.3 1.5 0.2 严重破坏 0 0 1.5 7.5 1.5 完全破坏 0 0 0.2 1.5 7.5 表 2 不同易损性分析方法优缺点的对比
Table 2. Comparison of different methods of seismic fragility analysis
方法 优点 缺点 震害调查法 简单易行;可呈现实际震害情况;可展示结构实际易损性 依赖专家经验,主观性强;数据难以获得;具有区域性和结构专有性;观察结果主观性强 解析法 可信度高;可考虑多数不确定性;客观性强 计算量大;需求模型中分散度较大 混合法 包含震害资料;计算量小 耗时且计算费用高;需要选择适当的解析方法;定义破坏状态有主观性 实验法 可提供真实破坏条件;可信度高 实验费用高且耗时 -
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