Late Quaternary Strike-Slip Rate and Slip Partitioning along Garzê-Yushu Fault Belt
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摘要: 滑动速率是研究断裂运动学特征、地震活动性和区域应变分配的重要参数和依据。前人关于甘孜-玉树断裂带滑动速率的研究结果存在较大差异，因此，其晚第四纪滑动速率有待进一步调查研究。本文基于卫星影像解译和野外实地考察，对甘孜-玉树断裂带西段（玉树断裂）上典型断错地貌点进行测量分析，得到玉树断裂晚第四纪走滑速率为6.6±0.1-7.4±1.2mm/a。通过与前人对甘孜-玉树断裂带东段（甘孜断裂）滑动速率的研究结果进行对比，发现甘孜-玉树断裂带东、西段滑动速率不一致，其原因是甘孜断裂的左旋滑移在向西传递的过程中，一部分应变被分配到了巴塘盆地南缘断裂上。巴塘盆地南缘断裂的存在很好地解释了玉树断裂的走滑速率比甘孜断裂偏低的原因。但是，从区域变形来看，巴塘盆地南缘断裂分配的滑动速率恰好说明了甘孜-玉树断裂带东、西段及鲜水河断裂带的水平构造变形是协调一致的。Abstract: Slip rate is one of the most important parameters for studying kinematic and seismic activity of faults as well as deformation partitioning. Previous studies on slip rate along Garzê-Yushu fault belt are of some controversy. It is necessary to do further research on the slip rate of Garzê-Yushu fault belt. In this study we apply several methods such as satellite imageries interpretation, filed mapping, topographic measurement to study typical faulting sites along the western segment of Garzê-Yushu fault belt, which is also named Yushu fault. The results show that the slip rate of Yushu fault is 6.6±0.1-7.4±1.2mm/a. Compared with the results of the eastern segment of Garzê-Yushu fault belt (Garzê fault) reported by Shifeng et al. in 2016, we find there is a discrepancy between the slip rate of Garzê fault and Yushu fault. The reason for this discrepancy is that there exists a slip partitioning along Garzê fault during its westward transfer process of deformation, which transfer partial deformation to Southern boundary fault of Batang basin. The existence of Southern boundary fault of Batang basin explains why the slip rate along Yushu fault is smaller than Garzê fault. Considering the regional deformation, however, the tectonic deformation from eastern to western segment of Garzê-Yushu is consistent since late Quaternary.
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Key words:
- Garzê-Yushu fault /
- Xianshuihe fault /
- Strike slip rate /
- Slip partitioning
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图 1 甘孜-玉树断裂带位置和几何展布图
KF：喀喇昆仑断裂带；ATF：阿尔金断裂带；HF：海原断裂带；KLF：东昆仑断裂；LMS：龙门山断裂带；XXF：鲜水河-小江断裂带；RRF：红河断裂带；SF：三盖-民衮断裂带；（a）青藏高原主要活动断裂分布简图，展示甘孜-玉树断裂带所在位置（改自Li等，2012）；
（b）甘孜-玉树断裂带与邻近的鲜水河断裂带、当江断裂带的几何结构展布Figure 1. Location and spatial distribution of the Garzê-Yushu fault zone
图 2 阶地位错确定方法示意图（改自Gold等，2011）
红线代表断层线，黑线代表阶地陡坎，蓝线表示冲沟，绿色虚线与红线的交点是断层陡坎在断层迹线上的交点
Figure 2. Illustration of determining offsetterrace riser (After Gold et al., 2011)
图 4 甘达村断错地貌解译及采样剖面图
（a）甘达村宏观地貌解译；（b）甘达村断错地貌DEM山阴图解译及采样位置；（c）阶地陡坎位错恢复及测量；（d）断层南盘采样照片及剖面，照片镜像北东。图中红线表示断层迹线，根据DEM图上识别出的2010年地震地表破裂画出；黑实线代表T2/T1阶地陡坎，黑色虚线代表T1/T0阶地陡坎；蓝线代表冲沟；黑色三角形代表采样位置
Figure 4. Interpretation of faulted landform and sampling profile at the Ganda village
图 5 甘达村西断错地貌及采样剖面图
（a）甘达村宏观地貌解译；（b）甘达村断错地貌DEM山阴图解译及采样位置；（c）阶地陡坎位错恢复及测量；（d）断层北盘采样照片及剖面，照片镜像北东。图中红线表示断层迹线，根据DEM图上识别出的2010年地震地表破裂画出；黑实线代表T2/T1阶地坎，黑色虚线代表T2/T1阶地坎；蓝线代表冲沟；黑色三角形代表采样位置。
Figure 5. Interpretation of faulted landform and sampling profile at the western Ganda village
图 3 玉树断裂分段及断错地貌观测点分布
图中虚线部分表示断层迹线不清晰，数字编号表示断错地貌观测点位置
Figure 3. Segmentation of the Yushu fault and location of faulted landform obesevation sites
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