The Study about P-Δ Effect of Vertical Ground Motion in Near-fault
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摘要: 竖向效应是近断层地震动的主要特点，竖向地震动对工程结构形成的P-Δ效应是造成结构破坏的主要原因。本文以单自由度体系为研究对象，选取汶川地震的近断层强震数据进行研究，分析竖向地震动所产生P-Δ效应的放大作用特征。分析结果表明汶川地震中，相比于中远场区域，近断层区域内竖向地震动作用所产生的P-Δ效应具有明显的放大作用，且近断层内这种放大作用具有普遍性；当自振周期一定时，不同台站获得地震动的放大系数离散性较小，主要分布于均值附近；其分析结果符合地震动的一般规律，分析结果合理。在此基础上建立了以均值为代表值的放大系数谱，可以与抗震设计反应谱结合使用，从而为活断层附近区域内的结构抗震设计问题提供定量化参考依据。Abstract: Vertical effect is the main characteristic of ground motion in near fault, and the P-Δ effect caused by vertical ground motions is the main reason for the failure of engineering structures. In this paper, taking the single degree of freedom system as the object, strongmotion datum of Wenchuan earthquake in near fault region were selectedto study the amplification characteristics of P-Δ effect for vertical seismic action. Our results show that P-Δ effect caused by vertical ground motions had the obvious amplification which were universal in near-fault region of the Wenchuan earthquake. In comparing with the region of medium-field and far-field, amplification of ground motions obtained from different stations did not discrete very much and distributed near mean values. The analytic results accord with the general law of ground motion. Based on this, the amplification spectra which can be applied in seismic response spectra were built, and the quantitative criterion for structural seismic design in near-fault region was put forward.
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Key words:
- Near-fault /
- P-Δ effect /
- Amplification /
- Natural period /
- Amplification spectra
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图 3 不同自振周期P-Δ效应的放大系数
Figure 3. Amplification factor for P-Δ effect of different natural period
图 5 竖向地震动P-Δ效应的放大系数谱
Figure 5. Amplification spectra of P-Δ effect for vertical ground motion
表 1 所选取强震记录的近场台站信息
Table 1. The information of near-site stations selected in the study
编号 51MZQ 51JYH 51PXZ 51AXT 51JYD 51SFB 51MXN 51WCW 51MXT 51JYC 断层距/km 7.17 13.6 21.05 25.89 26.43 26.73 27.09 27.72 27.77 30.54 编号 51DXY 51DYB 51LXT 51QLY 51LXM 51PWM 51LXS 51GYZ 51BXZ 51XJD 断层距/km 31.19 34.33 46.4 49.17 49.18 51.28 51.58 55.15 57.75 59.09 
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表 2 所选取强震记录的中远场台站信息
Table 2. The information of remote stations selected in the study
编号 51HSD 51CXQ 51YAS 51JZB 62SHW 51JZZ 51TQL 51HYQ 51HYJ 51LDD 断层距/km 104.5 104.7 111.1 114.2 121.1 125.4 137.2 155.4 163 177.1 编号 51SMW 51LDL 62TSH 51SMM 51MBD 51YXX 51YXZ 51SMC 51LDS 51MNL 断层距/km 188.7 190.9 191.4 211.5 222.2 249.2 262.2 272.9 278.5 300.4
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表 3 放大系数的统计参数
Table 3. Statistical parameter of amplification factor
自振周期/s 1 2 3 均值 1.012 1.229 1.701 方差 0.002 0.014 0.063
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